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Implement a retry policy with JavaScript or TypeScript

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Any application that runs in the cloud or communicates with remote services and resources must be able to handle transient faults. It's common for these applications to experience faults due to a momentary loss of network connectivity, a request timeout when a service or resource is busy, or other factors. Developers should build applications to handle transient faults transparently to improve stability and resiliency.

In this article, you learn how to use the Azure Storage client library for JavaScript to configure a retry policy for an application that connects to Azure Blob Storage. Retry policies define how the application handles failed requests, and should always be tuned to match the business requirements of the application and the nature of the failure.

Configure retry options

Retry policies for Blob Storage are configured programmatically, offering control over how retry options are applied to various service requests and scenarios. For example, a web app issuing requests based on user interaction might implement a policy with fewer retries and shorter delays to increase responsiveness and notify the user when an error occurs. Alternatively, an app or component running batch requests in the background might increase the number of retries and use an exponential backoff strategy to allow the request time to complete successfully.

The following table lists the parameters available when creating a StorageRetryOptions instance, along with the type, a brief description, and the default value if you make no changes. You should be proactive in tuning the values of these properties to meet the needs of your app.

Property Type Description Default value
maxRetryDelayInMs number Optional. Specifies the maximum delay allowed before retrying an operation. 120 seconds (or 120 * 1000 ms)
maxTries number Optional. The maximum number of retry attempts before giving up. 4
retryDelayInMs number Optional. Specifies the amount of delay to use before retrying an operation. 4 seconds (or 4 * 1000 ms)
retryPolicyType StorageRetryPolicyType Optional. StorageRetryPolicyType, default is exponential retry policy. StorageRetryPolicyType.Exponential
secondaryHost string Optional. Secondary storage account endpoint to retry requests against. Before setting this value, you should understand the issues around reading stale and potentially inconsistent data. To learn more, see Use geo-redundancy to design highly available applications. None
tryTimeoutInMs number Optional. Maximum time allowed before a request is canceled and assumed failed. This timeout applies to the operation request, and should be based on the bandwidth available to the host machine and proximity to the Storage service. A value of 0 or undefined results in no default timeout on the client, and the server-side default timeout is used. To learn more, see Timeouts for Blob service operations.

In the following code example, we configure the retry options in an instance of StorageRetryOptions, pass it to a new StoragePipelineOptions instance, and pass pipeline when instantiating BlobServiceClient:

const options = {
  retryOptions: {
    maxTries: 4,
    retryDelayInMs: 3 * 1000,
    maxRetryDelayInMs: 120 * 1000,
    retryPolicyType: StorageRetryPolicyType.EXPONENTIAL
  },
};

const pipeline = newPipeline(credential, options);

const blobServiceClient = new BlobServiceClient(
  `https://${accountName}.blob.core.windows.net`,
  credential,
  pipeline
);

In this example, each service request issued from the BlobServiceClient object uses the retry options as defined in retryOptions. This policy applies to client requests. You can configure various retry strategies for service clients based on the needs of your app.

Related content

  • For architectural guidance and general best practices for retry policies, see Transient fault handling.
  • For guidance on implementing a retry pattern for transient failures, see Retry pattern.