It can be done with Edge Administrative templates by using this setting:
Policy:
Computer Configuration > Policies > Administrative Templates > Microsoft Edge> Enable post-quantum key agreement for TLS > Disabled
Intune:
Administrative Templates > Microsoft Edge> Enable post-quantum key agreement for TLS > Disabled
See: https://www.reddit.com/r/sysadmin/comments/1carvpd/chrome_124_breaks_tls_handshake/