Excel’s sheet and workbook protection will not fully carry over when opened in Numbers or Google Sheets.
In Numbers, only basic cell protection is available, and workbook protection is not supported.
In Google Sheets, sheet protection can be recreated, but file encryption and workbook-level protection are not available.
As Allen Wyatt suggested in: Protecting a Workbook from Opening in Other Programs, the workarounds are using macros to generate important data, using PDF file format to protect data.
Or using OneDrive for Business or other clouds to share the file with their sharing settings to limit access (view-only or comment-only).
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