Deploy the container image to Azure Kubernetes Service
In this unit, you'll deploy a container image to Azure Kubernetes Service.
With Azure Kubernetes Service, you’ll configure your Kubernetes Cluster to run in a desired state via a Deployment, which is the process of providing declarative updates to Pods and ReplicaSets. This declaration of state is administered in the manifest (YAML) file, and the Kubernetes controller will change the current state to the declared state when instructed. You’ll create this deployment.yml manifest file and instruct your Azure Kubernetes Service to run in a desired state with pods configured to pull/run the flightbookingsystemsample container image that resides in Azure Container Registry (that we pushed in the previous unit). Without this manifest file, you'd have to manually create, update, and delete pods instead of letting the Kubernetes orchestrate the process.
Note
If your session has idled out or you're doing this step at another point in time and/or from another CLI, you might have to reinitialize your environment variables and reauthenticate with the following CLI commands.
AZ_RESOURCE_GROUP=javacontainerizationdemorg
AZ_CONTAINER_REGISTRY=<YOUR_CONTAINER_REGISTRY>
AZ_KUBERNETES_CLUSTER=javacontainerizationdemoaks
AZ_LOCATION=<YOUR_AZURE_REGION>
AZ_KUBERNETES_CLUSTER_DNS_PREFIX=<YOUR_UNIQUE_DNS_PREFIX_TO_ACCESS_YOUR_AKS_CLUSTER>
az login
az acr login -n $AZ_CONTAINER_REGISTRY
Deploy a container image
Here, you'll deploy the flightbookingsystemsample container image to your Azure Kubernetes Cluster.
Within the root of your project, Flight-Booking-System-JavaServlets_App/Project/Airlines, Create a file called deployment.yml. Run the following command in your CLI:
vi deployment.yml
Add the following contents to deployment.yml, then save and exit:
Note
Update with your AZ_CONTAINER_REGISTRY environment variable value that you set earlier; for example, javacontainerizationdemoacr.
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: flightbookingsystemsample
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flightbookingsystemsample
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: flightbookingsystemsample
spec:
containers:
- name: flightbookingsystemsample
image: <AZ_CONTAINER_REGISTRY>.azurecr.io/flightbookingsystemsample:latest
resources:
requests:
cpu: "1"
memory: "1Gi"
limits:
cpu: "2"
memory: "2Gi"
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: flightbookingsystemsample
spec:
type: LoadBalancer
ports:
- port: 8080
targetPort: 8080
selector:
app: flightbookingsystemsample
Note
Optionally, the deployment_solution.yml file in the root of your project contains the contents needed; you might find it easier to rename/update the contents of that file.
In the preceding deployment.yml, you'll notice the file contains a Deployment and a Service. The deployment is used to administer a set of pods, and the service is used to allow network access to the pods. You'll notice the pods are configured to pull a single image, the <AZ_CONTAINER_REGISTRY>.azurecr.io/flightbookingsystemsample:latest from Azure Container Registry. You'll also notice the service is configured to allow incoming HTTP pod traffic to port 8080, similar to the way you ran the container image locally with the -p port argument.
By now, your Azure Kubernetes Cluster creation should have successfully completed.
You'll want to configure your Azure CLI to access your Azure Kubernetes Cluster via the kubectl command. Install kubectl locally using the az aks install-cli command. Run the following command in your CLI:
az aks install-cli
Configure kubectl to connect to your Kubernetes cluster using the az aks get-credentials command. Run the following command in your CLI:
az aks get-credentials --resource-group $AZ_RESOURCE_GROUP --name $AZ_KUBERNETES_CLUSTER
You’ll get output similar to the following:
Merged AZ_KUBERNETES_CLUSTER as current context in ~/.kube/config
You'll now instruct Azure Kubernetes Service to apply deployment.yml changes to your cluster. Run the following command in your CLI:
kubectl apply -f deployment.yml
You’ll get output similar to the following:
deployment.apps/flightbookingsystemsample created
service/flightbookingsystemsample created
You can now use kubectl to monitor the status of the deployment. Run the following command in your CLI:
kubectl get all
You’ll get output similar to the following:
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/flightbookingsystemsample-75647c4c98-v4v4r 1/1 Running 2 13d
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 66d
service/flightbookingsystemsample LoadBalancer 10.0.34.128 20.81.13.151 8080:30265/TCP 66d
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
deployment.apps/flightbookingsystemsample 1/1 1 1 66d
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
replicaset.apps/flightbookingsystemsample-75647c4c98 1 1 1 66d
replicaset.apps/flightbookingsystemsample-7564c58f55 0 0 0 13d
If your POD status is Running, the app should be accessible.
You can view the app logs within each pod, as well. Run the following command in your CLI:
kubectl logs pod/flightbookingsystemsample-<POD_IDENTIFIER_FROM_YOUR_RUNNING_POD>
You’ll get output similar to the following:
NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.073 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version name: Apache Tomcat/8.5.71
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.164 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server built: Sep 9 2021 18:43:14 UTC
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.164 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version number: 8.5.71.0
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.165 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Name: Linux
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.166 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Version: 5.4.0-1051-azure
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.166 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Architecture: amd64
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.166 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Java Home: /usr/local/openjdk-11
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.167 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Version: 11.0.12+7
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.167 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.167 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.168 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.261 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.261 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.261 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.262 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.262 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.262 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.263 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.263 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.263 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.263 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.264 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dignore.endorsed.dirs=
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.264 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.264 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.265 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.265 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent Loaded Apache Tomcat Native library [1.2.31] using APR version [1.7.0].
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.265 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true], UDS [{4}].
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.266 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent APR/OpenSSL configuration: useAprConnector [false], useOpenSSL [true]
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.361 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.initializeSSL OpenSSL successfully initialized [OpenSSL 1.1.1k 25 Mar 2021]
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.763 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
07-Oct-2021 18:31:14.962 INFO [main] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.getSharedSelector Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
07-Oct-2021 18:31:15.071 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load Initialization processed in 6497 ms
07-Oct-2021 18:31:15.771 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service [Catalina]
07-Oct-2021 18:31:15.772 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/8.5.71]
07-Oct-2021 18:31:16.261 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Deploying web app archive [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/FlightBookingSystemSample.war]
07-Oct-2021 18:31:30.782 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner.scanJars At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
WARNING: Illegal reflective access by com.sun.xml.ws.policy.privateutil.MethodUtil (file:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/FlightBookingSystemSample/WEB-INF/lib/webservices-rt-2.3.1.jar) to method sun.reflect.misc.MethodUtil.invoke(java.lang.reflect.Method,java.lang.Object,java.lang.Object[])
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of com.sun.xml.ws.policy.privateutil.MethodUtil
WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
07-Oct-2021 18:31:53.370 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] com.sun.xml.ws.server.MonitorBase.createRoot Metro monitoring rootname successfully set to: com.sun.metro:pp=/,type=WSEndpoint,name=/FlightBookingSystemSample-PriceAndSeats-PriceAndSeatsPort
07-Oct-2021 18:31:54.864 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletDelegate.<init> WSSERVLET14: JAX-WS servlet initializing
07-Oct-2021 18:32:02.869 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener.contextInitialized WSSERVLET12: JAX-WS context listener initializing
07-Oct-2021 18:32:02.870 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener.contextInitialized WSSERVLET12: JAX-WS context listener initializing
07-Oct-2021 18:32:03.069 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Deployment of web app archive [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/FlightBookingSystemSample.war] has finished in [46,808] ms
07-Oct-2021 18:32:03.165 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
07-Oct-2021 18:32:03.267 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in 48195 ms
You can now use the EXTERNAL-IP from your kubectl get services flightbookingsystemsample output to access the running app within Azure Kubernetes Service.
Note
Substitute the ip address in the following (20.81.13.151) with that of your EXTERNAL-IP from the command you previously executed.
Open a browser and visit the Flight Booking System Sample landing page at http://20.81.13.151:8080/FlightBookingSystemSample
You’ll get a page similar to this one:
You can optionally sign in with any user from tomcat-users.xml; for example, someuser@azure.com: password.