Exercise - Introduction to formulas in canvas apps

  • 8 minutes

Did you know that we can add formulas to our controls in Power Apps? Remember that a text label just needs text, and an image control needs an image, for example. If you provide the input Power Apps is looking for, you can put in any variation so long as the formula reflects the type of input the control expects.

In the following exercise, we're going to modify our gallery so that the "Machine Price" will show a currency value, and we're going to modify the text color of our "Type" field to appear as the coffee machine color. This app builds upon the app that we created in the last unit, so if you haven't completed that yet, please go back to the last unit to complete it.

When you have your "Contoso Coffee Machines" app open, continue with the steps below:

  1. Select "Catalog Screen" from the Tree view panel.

    Note

    You can also switch screens from the drop-down menu in the lower corner of the current display screen. If you select the drop-down, the screen you're currently on will have a check mark next to it and be highlighted dark gray.

  2. Select your Gallery and then select the ellipsis next to the Subtitle1 control, select Copy.

    Screenshot of the copy selection in the menu for Subtitle1.

  3. Select the ellipsis next to Subtitle1 again, and select paste.

    Screenshot of the paste selection in the menu for Subtitle1.

  4. This will create a duplicate over Subtitle1 named Subtitle1_1. Select the new subtitle and drag it below Subtitle1.

  5. Select Subtitle1 under the gallery in the Tree View, select it, and set the Text property to ThisItem.'Machine Price'.

  6. To add the currency symbol for US dollars, set the Text property to:

    Text(Value(ThisItem.'Machine Price'), "$ ##.00")

    Remember the order of mathematical operations when using a formula, anything inside of parenthesis occurs first. Our formula is taking the value of 'Machine Price', since our data table had it entered as Text, we're declaring this as numeric by wrapping it in the Value() function. Then we're formatting the result as Text adding the dollar sign along with number and then cents values, even if the value in cents is zero.

    Note

    If your formula returns an error, the language setting of your Power Apps environment can affect some separators and operators. For example, the above formula is expressed in a language and region that uses dot or period as the decimal separator, such as Japan or the United Kingdom.

    However, this same formula in a language and region where a comma is used for the decimal separator, such as France or Spain, would need to be: Text(Value(ThisItem.'Machine Price'); "$ ##,00")

    The property selection operator "." (dot or period) in ThisItem.Price is always the same, no matter what the decimal separator is; but notice that the decimal separator and the chaining operation separator changed to a comma and semicolon, respectively. Internally the formula doesn't change, all that changes is how it's displayed and edited by the author.

  7. Now let's change the Color property of our Subtitle1_1 label in our gallery. Select the Subtitle1_1 control and look for the Text property, which displays ThisItem.Type.

  8. Find the Color property for Subtitle1_1. You'll see that it displays "RGBA(0, 0, 0, 1)". Also, note that just below the formula input field, Power Apps shows a formula showing RGBA(0, 0, 0, 1) = and a square that is filled in as black. It also declares that the Data type is Color.

  9. Let's change the Color property of the Subtitle1_1 label to Color.Purple. You might have noticed that as soon as you typed the word "Color", Power Apps began automatically suggesting possible values for the rest of that field below the formula bar. In this syntax, Power Apps will recognize all the available HTML colors.

    Note

    Some fields, like Color fields, only show the complete formula value when you select inside of the formula input field. When entering a color value, you must include all the formula pieces so that Power Apps understands the input. In this case the formula must be Color.Purple.

  10. Now, briefly glance to the right of the gallery at your form control (without selecting it) and notice that we have a field titled "Primary Color". Our data is written so that we can use this field's value in our formula. In the Color property field for your Subtitle1_1 label, change your input to the following formula:

    ColorValue(ThisItem. 'Primary Color')

    Did you notice that now the color of the text in the Subtitle1_1 label matches the Coffee Machine's Primary Color? Power Apps can use the ColorValue formula to change the text name of a color into a color value. You can see just below the formula bar that Power Apps displays the data type as Color, and it changes the color for all the gallery items based on the machine's primary color.

    Screenshot of the properties.

  11. Next, we'll add some headers to the new screens we created. To do that, we'll copy some controls from our Catalog screen and paste them on the new screens. Holding down the Shift key, select the Rectangle1 and Label1 controls from the top of your "Catalog Screen" (you can also select them from the Tree view). Right click and select "Copy" or use your Ctrl + C keys to copy the controls onto your device's clipboard.

    Tip

    There is some nice functionality when you 'Right click' a control or multiple selected controls. These features will pop up on your screen next to the selected control(s). Beyond Cut and Copy you can also Group, Reorder, Align, or add comments (for other users). Depending on the control type you'll see features such as Font, Size, Color and Fill.

    Screenshot of selecting Label1 and Rectangle1 then right clicking to copy.

  12. Now, select the "Home Screen" and paste the two controls there. Reposition them so they're both centered at the top of the screen.

  13. Next, select the "Admin Screen" and repeat the paste. Also reposition the controls again.

  14. Next, using the Text property of the label controls that we inserted, we'll change the name to reflect the screen names. Select the label control in the header of your "Admin Screen". Remember that all a label control needs is text. Input the following into the Text property of your header label control:

    'Admin Screen'.Name

    Tip

    You may have noticed that as you began typing 'Admin Screen', Power Apps displayed some potential information from the 'Admin Screen' that you could use as text in this label. Labels are a vitally important control to add to your app when you're developing it because they can display information that you might not see otherwise. You can add/remove them from your app as required.

    Screenshot of renaming the header label to the screen's name property.

  15. We simply used the Name property from our 'Admin Screen'. Let's do the same now with the Home screen by entering the following in the Text formula:

    'Home Screen'.Name

Our app is taking shape now as we enhance the UX by using functions with our control formulas.