Update the Animation Manager and Draw Frames
Each time an application schedules a storyboard, the application must supply the current time to the animation manager. The current time is also required when directing the animation manager to update its state and set all animation variables to the appropriate interpolated values.
Overview
There are two configurations supported by Windows Animation: application-driven animation and timer-driven animation.
To use application-driven animation in your application, you must update the animation manager before drawing each frame and use an appropriate mechanism to draw frames frequently enough for animation. An application using application-driven animation can use any mechanism to determine the current time, but the Windows Animation timer object returns a precise time in the units accepted by the animation manager. To avoid unnecessary drawing when no animations are playing, you should also provide a manager event handler to start redrawing when animations are scheduled and check after each frame whether redrawing can be suspended. For more information, see Application-Driven Animation.
In the application-driven configuration, an application can call the IUIAnimationManager::GetStatus method to verify that animations are currently scheduled and continue to draw frames if they are. Because redrawing stops when there are no animations scheduled, it is necessary to restart it the next time an animation is scheduled. An application can register a manager event handler to be notified when the status of the animation manager changes from idle (no animations are currently scheduled) to busy.
To use timer-driven animation in your application, you must connect the animation manager to an animation timer and provide a timer event handler. When the animation manager is connected to a timer, the timer can tell the manager when the animation state should be updated as time progresses. The application should draw a frame for each timer tick. The animation manager can in turn tell the timer when there are animations playing, so the timer can shut itself off during idle periods when redrawing is unnecessary. To avoid unnecessary drawing when no animations are playing, you should configure the timer to disable itself automatically. For more information, see Timer-Driven Animation.
Example Code
Application-Driven Animation
The following example code is taken from ManagerEventHandler.h from the Windows Animation samples Application-Driven Animation and Grid Layout. It defines the manager event handler.
#include "UIAnimationHelper.h"
// Event handler object for manager status changes
class CManagerEventHandler :
public CUIAnimationManagerEventHandlerBase<CManagerEventHandler>
{
public:
static HRESULT
CreateInstance
(
CMainWindow *pMainWindow,
IUIAnimationManagerEventHandler **ppManagerEventHandler
) throw()
{
CManagerEventHandler *pManagerEventHandler;
HRESULT hr = CUIAnimationCallbackBase::CreateInstance(
ppManagerEventHandler,
&pManagerEventHandler
);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
pManagerEventHandler->m_pMainWindow = pMainWindow;
}
return hr;
}
// IUIAnimationManagerEventHandler
IFACEMETHODIMP
OnManagerStatusChanged
(
UI_ANIMATION_MANAGER_STATUS newStatus,
UI_ANIMATION_MANAGER_STATUS previousStatus
)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
if (newStatus == UI_ANIMATION_MANAGER_BUSY)
{
hr = m_pMainWindow->Invalidate();
}
return hr;
}
...
};
The following example code is taken from MainWindow.cpp from the Windows Animation sample Application-Driven Animation; see CMainWindow::InitializeAnimation. This example creates an instance of the manager event handler using the CreateInstance method and passes it to the animation manager using the IUIAnimationManager::SetManagerEventHandler method.
// Create and set the ManagerEventHandler to start updating when animations are scheduled
IUIAnimationManagerEventHandler *pManagerEventHandler;
HRESULT hr = CManagerEventHandler::CreateInstance(
this,
&pManagerEventHandler
);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = m_pAnimationManager->SetManagerEventHandler(
pManagerEventHandler
);
pManagerEventHandler->Release();
}
Because the manager event handler retains a reference to the main window object, the manager event handler should be cleared (by passing NULL to SetManagerEventHandler) or the animation manager should be completely released before the main window is destroyed.
The following example code is taken from MainWindow.cpp in the Windows Animation sample Application-Driven Animation; see the CMainWindow::OnPaint method. It calls the IUIAnimationManager::GetTime method to retrieve the time in the units required by the IUIAnimationManager::Update method.
// Update the animation manager with the current time
UI_ANIMATION_SECONDS secondsNow;
HRESULT hr = m_pAnimationTimer->GetTime(
&secondsNow
);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = m_pAnimationManager->Update(
secondsNow
);
...
}
The following example code is taken from MainWindow.cpp from the Windows Animation samples Application-Driven Animation and Grid Layout; see the CMainWindow::OnPaint method. It assumes that the application is using a graphics API that automatically synchronizes to the monitor refresh rate (such as Direct2D with its default settings), in which case a call to the InvalidateRect function is enough to ensure that the painting code will be called again when it is time to draw the next frame. Rather than call InvalidateRect unconditionally, it is better to check if there are still any animations scheduled using GetStatus.
// Read the values of the animation variables and draw the client area
hr = DrawClientArea();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Continue redrawing the client area as long as there are animations scheduled
UI_ANIMATION_MANAGER_STATUS status;
hr = m_pAnimationManager->GetStatus(
&status
);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
if (status == UI_ANIMATION_MANAGER_BUSY)
{
InvalidateRect(
m_hwnd,
NULL,
FALSE
);
}
}
}
Timer-Driven Animation
The following example code is taken from TimerEventHandler.h from the Windows Animation sample Timer-Driven Animation. The example code defines the timer event handler, which invalidates the window's client area to cause a repaint after each update of the animation state.
#include "UIAnimationHelper.h"
// Event handler object for timer events
class CTimerEventHandler :
public CUIAnimationTimerEventHandlerBase<CTimerEventHandler>
{
public:
static HRESULT
CreateInstance
(
CMainWindow *pMainWindow,
IUIAnimationTimerEventHandler **ppTimerEventHandler
) throw()
{
CTimerEventHandler *pTimerEventHandler;
HRESULT hr = CUIAnimationCallbackBase::CreateInstance(
ppTimerEventHandler,
&pTimerEventHandler
);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
pTimerEventHandler->m_pMainWindow = pMainWindow;
}
return hr;
}
// IUIAnimationTimerEventHandler
IFACEMETHODIMP
OnPreUpdate()
{
return S_OK;
}
IFACEMETHODIMP
OnPostUpdate()
{
HRESULT hr = m_pMainWindow->Invalidate();
return hr;
}
IFACEMETHODIMP
OnRenderingTooSlow
(
UINT32 /* fps */
)
{
return S_OK;
}
...
};
The following example code is taken from MainWindow.cpp from the Windows Animation sample Timer-Driven Animation; see CMainWindow::InitializeAnimation. This example creates an instance of the timer event handler using the CreateInstance method and passes it to the timer using the IUIAnimationTimer::SetTimerEventHandler method. Because the timer event handler retains a reference to the main window object, the timer event handler should be cleared (by passing NULL to SetTimerEventHandler) or the timer completely released before the main window is destroyed.
// Create and set the timer event handler
IUIAnimationTimerEventHandler *pTimerEventHandler;
hr = CTimerEventHandler::CreateInstance(
this,
&pTimerEventHandler
);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = m_pAnimationTimer->SetTimerEventHandler(
pTimerEventHandler
);
pTimerEventHandler->Release();
}
The following example code is taken from MainWindow.cpp in the Windows Animation sample Timer-Driven Animation; see the CMainWindow::InitializeAnimation method. It calls the QueryInterface method on the animation manager object to get a pointer to IUIAnimationTimerUpdateHandler, then connects the UIAnimationManager and UIAnimationTimer objects by setting the animation manager as the timer's update handler using the IUIAnimationTimer::SetTimerUpdateHandler method. Note that it is not necessary to explicitly clear this connection; the connection is cleared safely after the application releases both the animation manager and the animation timer.
// Connect the animation manager to the timer
IUIAnimationTimerUpdateHandler *pTimerUpdateHandler;
hr = m_pAnimationManager->QueryInterface(
IID_PPV_ARGS(&pTimerUpdateHandler)
);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = m_pAnimationTimer->SetTimerUpdateHandler(
pTimerUpdateHandler
UI_ANIMATION_IDLE_BEHAVIOR_DISABLE // timer will shut itself off when there are no animations playing
);
pTimerUpdateHandler->Release();
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Create and set the timer event handler
...
}
}
If UI_ANIMATION_IDLE_BEHAVIOR_DISABLE is not used, it is also necessary to enable the timer to start it ticking.
Previous Step
Before starting this step, you should have completed this step: Create Animation Variables.
Next Step
After completing this step, the next step is: Read the Animation Variable Values.
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