Comment : lier des données au contrôle MaskedTextBox

Article
10/18/2023

Vous pouvez lier des données à un MaskedTextBox contrôle comme vous le pouvez à n’importe quel autre contrôle Windows Forms. Toutefois, si le format de vos données dans la base de données ne correspond pas au format attendu par votre définition de masque, vous devez reformater les données. La procédure suivante montre comment procéder à l’aide des événements et Parse des Format événements de la Binding classe pour afficher des champs de base de données d’extension de téléphone et de numéro de téléphone distincts en tant que champ modifiable unique.

La procédure suivante nécessite que vous ayez accès à une base de données SQL Server avec l’exemple de base de données Northwind installé.

Pour lier des données à un contrôle MaskedTextBox

Créez un projet Windows Forms.
Faites glisser deux TextBox contrôles sur votre formulaire ; nommez-les FirstName et LastName.
Faites glisser un MaskedTextBox contrôle sur votre formulaire ; nommez-le PhoneMask.
Définissez la Mask propriété sur (000) 000-0000 x9999PhoneMask .

Ajoutez les importations d’espaces de noms suivantes au formulaire.

using System.Data.SqlClient;

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Cliquez avec le bouton droit sur le formulaire et choisissez Afficher le code. Placez ce code n’importe où dans votre classe de formulaire.

Binding currentBinding, phoneBinding;  
DataSet employeesTable = new DataSet();  
SqlConnection sc;  
SqlDataAdapter dataConnect;  

private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)  
{  
    DoMaskBinding();  
}  

private void DoMaskBinding()  
{  
    try  
    {  
        sc = new SqlConnection("Data Source=CLIENTUE;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI");  
        sc.Open();  
    }  
    catch (Exception ex)  
    {  
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);  
        return;  
    }  

    dataConnect = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc);  
    dataConnect.Fill(employeesTable, "Employees");  

    // Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects  
    // before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the
    // initial load.
    try  
    {  
        currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.FirstName");  
        firstName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);  

        currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.LastName");  
        lastName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);  

        phoneBinding =new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone");  
        // We must add the event handlers before we bind, or the Format event will not get called  
        // for the first record.  
        phoneBinding.Format += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Format);  
        phoneBinding.Parse += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Parse);  
        phoneMask.DataBindings.Add(phoneBinding);  
    }  
    catch (Exception ex)  
    {  
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);  
        return;  
    }  
}

Dim WithEvents CurrentBinding, PhoneBinding As Binding  
Dim EmployeesTable As New DataSet()  
Dim sc As SqlConnection  
Dim DataConnect As SqlDataAdapter  

Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load  
    DoMaskedBinding()  
End Sub  

Private Sub DoMaskedBinding()  
    Try  
        sc = New SqlConnection("Data Source=SERVERNAME;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI")  
        sc.Open()  
    Catch ex As Exception  
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)  
        Exit Sub  
    End Try  

    DataConnect = New SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc)  
    DataConnect.Fill(EmployeesTable, "Employees")  

    ' Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects  
    ' before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the
    ' initial load.  
    Try  
        CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.FirstName")  
        firstName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)  
        CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.LastName")  
        lastName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)  
        PhoneBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone")  
        PhoneMask.DataBindings.Add(PhoneBinding)  
    Catch ex As Exception  
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)  
        Application.Exit()  
    End Try  
End Sub

Ajoutez des gestionnaires d’événements pour les événements et Parse les combiner et séparer les champs Extension et les PhoneNumber champs de la limiteDataSet.Format

private void phoneBinding_Format(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)  
{  
    String ext;  

    DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;  
    if (currentRow["Extension"] == null)
    {  
        ext = "";  
    } else
    {  
        ext = currentRow["Extension"].ToString();  
    }  

    e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() + " x" + ext;  
}  

private void phoneBinding_Parse(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)  
{  
    String phoneNumberAndExt = e.Value.ToString();  

    int extIndex = phoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x");  
    String ext = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(extIndex).Trim();  
    String phoneNumber = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, extIndex).Trim();  

    //Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually.
    DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;  
    // Remove the "x" from the extension.  
    currentRow["Extension"] = ext.Substring(1);  

    //Return the phone number.  
    e.Value = phoneNumber;  
}

Private Sub PhoneBinding_Format(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Format  
    Dim Ext As String  

    Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)  
    If (CurrentRow("Extension") Is Nothing) Then  
        Ext = ""  
    Else  
        Ext = CurrentRow("Extension").ToString()  
    End If  

    e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() & " x" & Ext  
End Sub  

Private Sub PhoneBinding_Parse(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Parse  
    Dim PhoneNumberAndExt As String = e.Value.ToString()  

    Dim ExtIndex As Integer = PhoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x")  
    Dim Ext As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(ExtIndex).Trim()  
    Dim PhoneNumber As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, ExtIndex).Trim()  

    ' Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually.
    Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)  
    ' Remove the "x" from the extension.  
    CurrentRow("Extension") = CObj(Ext.Substring(1))  

    ' Return the phone number.  
    e.Value = PhoneNumber  
End Sub

Ajoutez deux Button contrôles au formulaire. Nommez-les previousButton et nextButton. Double-cliquez sur chaque bouton pour ajouter un gestionnaire d’événements Click et renseignez les gestionnaires d’événements, comme illustré dans l’exemple de code suivant.

private void previousButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  
{  
    BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position - 1;  
}  

private void nextButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  
{  
    BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position + 1;  
}

Private Sub PreviousButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles PreviousButton.Click  
    Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position - 1  
End Sub  

Private Sub NextButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles NextButton.Click  
    Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position + 1  
End Sub

Exécutez l’exemple. Modifiez les données et utilisez les boutons Précédent et Suivant pour voir que les données sont correctement conservées dans le DataSet.

Exemple

L’exemple de code suivant est la liste complète du code qui résulte de la procédure précédente.

#pragma region Using directives

#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Data.dll>
#using <System.Drawing.dll>
#using <System.Windows.Forms.dll>
#using <System.Xml.dll>
#using <System.EnterpriseServices.dll>
#using <System.Transactions.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Data;
using namespace System::Drawing;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
using namespace System::Data::SqlClient;

#pragma endregion

namespace MaskedTextBoxDataCSharp
{
    public ref class Form1 : public Form
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
    private:
        System::ComponentModel::IContainer^ components;

    public:
        Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
    protected:
        ~Form1()
        {
            if (components != nullptr)
            {
                delete components;
            }
        }



#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code

               /// <summary>
               /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
               /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
               /// </summary>
    private:
        void InitializeComponent()
        {
            employeesTable = gcnew DataSet();
            components = nullptr;
            this->firstName = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox();
            this->lastName = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox();
            this->phoneMask = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::MaskedTextBox();
            this->previousButton = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button();
            this->nextButton = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button();
            this->SuspendLayout();
            //
            // firstName
            //
            this->firstName->Location = System::Drawing::Point(13, 14);
            this->firstName->Name = "firstName";
            this->firstName->Size = System::Drawing::Size(184, 20);
            this->firstName->TabIndex = 0;
            //
            // lastName
            //
            this->lastName->Location = System::Drawing::Point(204, 14);
            this->lastName->Name = "lastName";
            this->lastName->Size = System::Drawing::Size(184, 20);
            this->lastName->TabIndex = 1;
            //
            // phoneMask
            //
            this->phoneMask->Location = System::Drawing::Point(441, 14);
            this->phoneMask->Mask = "(009) 000-0000 x9999";
            this->phoneMask->Name = "phoneMask";
            this->phoneMask->Size = System::Drawing::Size(169, 20);
            this->phoneMask->TabIndex = 2;
            //
            // previousButton
            //
            this->previousButton->Location = System::Drawing::Point(630, 14);
            this->previousButton->Name = "previousButton";
            this->previousButton->TabIndex = 3;
            this->previousButton->Text = "Previous";
            this->previousButton->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&Form1::previousButton_Click);
            //
            // nextButton
            //
            this->nextButton->Location = System::Drawing::Point(723, 14);
            this->nextButton->Name = "nextButton";
            this->nextButton->TabIndex = 4;
            this->nextButton->Text = "Next";
            this->nextButton->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&Form1::nextButton_Click);
            //
            // Form1
            //
            this->AutoScaleBaseSize = System::Drawing::Size(5, 13);
            this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(887, 46);
            this->Controls->Add(this->nextButton);
            this->Controls->Add(this->previousButton);
            this->Controls->Add(this->phoneMask);
            this->Controls->Add(this->lastName);
            this->Controls->Add(this->firstName);
            this->Name = "Form1";
            this->Text = "Form1";
            this->Load += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&Form1::Form1_Load);
            this->ResumeLayout(false);
            this->PerformLayout();
        }

#pragma endregion

    private:
        System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ firstName;
        System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ lastName;
        System::Windows::Forms::MaskedTextBox^ phoneMask;
        System::Windows::Forms::Button^ previousButton;
        System::Windows::Forms::Button^ nextButton;

    private:
        Binding^ currentBinding;
        Binding^ phoneBinding;
        DataSet^ employeesTable;
        SqlConnection^ sc;
        SqlDataAdapter^ dataConnect;

    private:
        void Form1_Load(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            DoMaskBinding();
        }

    private:
        void DoMaskBinding()
        {
            try
            {
                sc = gcnew SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;" +
                    "Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI");
                sc->Open();
            }
            catch (Exception^ ex)
            {
                MessageBox::Show(ex->Message);
                return;
            }

            dataConnect = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc);
            dataConnect->Fill(employeesTable, "Employees");


            // Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must
            // create the Binding objects before adding them to the control -
            // otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the initial load.
            try
            {
                currentBinding = gcnew Binding("Text", employeesTable,
                    "Employees.FirstName");
                firstName->DataBindings->Add(currentBinding);

                currentBinding = gcnew Binding("Text", employeesTable,
                    "Employees.LastName");
                lastName->DataBindings->Add(currentBinding);

                phoneBinding = gcnew Binding("Text", employeesTable, 
                    "Employees.HomePhone");
                // We must add the event handlers before we bind, or the
                // Format event will not get called for the first record.
                phoneBinding->Format += gcnew
                    ConvertEventHandler(this, &Form1::phoneBinding_Format);
                phoneBinding->Parse += gcnew
                    ConvertEventHandler(this, &Form1::phoneBinding_Parse);
                phoneMask->DataBindings->Add(phoneBinding);
            }
            catch (Exception^ ex)
            {
                MessageBox::Show(ex->Message);
                return;
            }
        }

    private:
        void phoneBinding_Format(Object^ sender, ConvertEventArgs^ e)
        {
            String^ ext;

            DataRowView^ currentRow = (DataRowView^) BindingContext[
                employeesTable, "Employees"]->Current;
                if (currentRow["Extension"] == nullptr)
                {
                    ext = "";
                }
                else
                {
                    ext = currentRow["Extension"]->ToString();
                }

                e->Value = e->Value->ToString()->Trim() + " x" + ext;
        }

    private:
        void phoneBinding_Parse(Object^ sender, ConvertEventArgs^ e)
        {
            String^ phoneNumberAndExt = e->Value->ToString();

            int extIndex = phoneNumberAndExt->IndexOf("x");
            String^ ext = phoneNumberAndExt->Substring(extIndex)->Trim();
            String^ phoneNumber = 
                phoneNumberAndExt->Substring(0, extIndex)->Trim();

            //Get the current binding object, and set the new extension 
            //manually.
            DataRowView^ currentRow = 
                (DataRowView^ ) BindingContext[employeesTable,
                "Employees"]->Current;
            // Remove the "x" from the extension.
            currentRow["Extension"] = ext->Substring(1);

            //Return the phone number.
            e->Value = phoneNumber;
        }

    private:
        void previousButton_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position =
                BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position - 1;
        }

    private:
        void nextButton_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
        {
            BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position =
                BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position + 1;
        }
    };
}

[STAThread]
int main()
{
    Application::EnableVisualStyles();
    Application::Run(gcnew MaskedTextBoxDataCSharp::Form1());
}

#region Using directives

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

#endregion

namespace MaskedTextBoxDataCSharp
{
    partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        Binding currentBinding, phoneBinding;
        DataSet employeesTable = new DataSet();
        SqlConnection sc;
        SqlDataAdapter dataConnect;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            DoMaskBinding();
        }

        private void DoMaskBinding()
        {
            try
            {
                sc = new SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI");
                sc.Open();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
                return;
            }

            dataConnect = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc);
            dataConnect.Fill(employeesTable, "Employees");

            // Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects
            // before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the
            // initial load.
            try
            {
                currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.FirstName");
                firstName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);

                currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.LastName");
                lastName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);

                phoneBinding =new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone");
                // We must add the event handlers before we bind, or the Format event will not get called
                // for the first record.
                phoneBinding.Format += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Format);
                phoneBinding.Parse += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Parse);
                phoneMask.DataBindings.Add(phoneBinding);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
                return;
            }
        }

        private void phoneBinding_Format(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)
        {
            String ext;

            DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;
            if (currentRow["Extension"] == null)
            {
                ext = "";
            } else
            {
                ext = currentRow["Extension"].ToString();
            }

            e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() + " x" + ext;
        }

        private void phoneBinding_Parse(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)
        {
            String phoneNumberAndExt = e.Value.ToString();

            int extIndex = phoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x");
            String ext = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(extIndex).Trim();
            String phoneNumber = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, extIndex).Trim();

            //Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually.
            DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;
            // Remove the "x" from the extension.
            currentRow["Extension"] = ext.Substring(1);

            //Return the phone number.
            e.Value = phoneNumber;
        }

        private void previousButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position - 1;
        }

        private void nextButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position + 1;
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Public Class Form1
    Dim WithEvents CurrentBinding, PhoneBinding As Binding
    Dim EmployeesTable As New DataSet()
    Dim sc As SqlConnection
    Dim DataConnect As SqlDataAdapter

    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        DoMaskedBinding()
    End Sub

    Private Sub DoMaskedBinding()
        Try
            sc = New SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI")
            sc.Open()
        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
            Application.Exit()
        End Try

        DataConnect = New SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc)
        DataConnect.Fill(EmployeesTable, "Employees")

        ' Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects
        ' before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the 
        ' initial load. 
        Try
            CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.FirstName")
            firstName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)
            CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.LastName")
            lastName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)
            PhoneBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone")
            PhoneMask.DataBindings.Add(PhoneBinding)
        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
            Application.Exit()
        End Try
    End Sub

    Private Sub PhoneBinding_Format(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Format
        Dim Ext As String

        Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)
        If (CurrentRow("Extension") Is Nothing) Then
            Ext = ""
        Else
            Ext = CurrentRow("Extension").ToString()
        End If

        e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() & " x" & Ext
    End Sub

    Private Sub PhoneBinding_Parse(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Parse
        Dim PhoneNumberAndExt As String = e.Value.ToString()

        Dim ExtIndex As Integer = PhoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x")
        Dim Ext As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(ExtIndex).Trim()
        Dim PhoneNumber As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, ExtIndex).Trim()

        ' Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually. 
        Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)
        ' Remove the "x" from the extension.
        CurrentRow("Extension") = CObj(Ext.Substring(1))

        ' Return the phone number.
        e.Value = PhoneNumber
    End Sub

    Private Sub NextButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles NextButton.Click
        Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position + 1
    End Sub

    Private Sub PreviousButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles PreviousButton.Click
        Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position - 1
    End Sub
End Class

Compilation du code

Créez un projet Visual C# ou Visual Basic.
Ajoutez les contrôles et MaskedTextBox les TextBox contrôles au formulaire, comme décrit dans la procédure précédente.
Ouvrez le fichier de code source pour le formulaire par défaut du projet.
Remplacez le code source dans ce fichier par le code répertorié dans la section « Code » précédente.
Compilez l’application.

Voir aussi

Procédure pas à pas : utilisation du contrôle MaskedTextBox

Partager via

Comment : lier des données au contrôle MaskedTextBox

Pour lier des données à un contrôle MaskedTextBox

Exemple

Compilation du code

Voir aussi

Ressources supplémentaires