Event Handlers Propagate Changes Outside the Model

In Visualization and Modeling SDK, you can define store event handlers to propagate changes to resources outside the store, such as non-store variables, files, models in other stores, or other Visual Studio extensions. Store event handlers are executed after the end of the transaction in which the triggering event occurred. They are also executed in an Undo or Redo operation. Therefore, unlike store rules, store events are most useful for updating values that are outside the store. Unlike .NET events, store event handlers are registered to listen to a class: you do not have to register a separate handler for each instance. For more information about how to choose between different ways to handle changes, see Responding to and Propagating Changes.

The graphical surface and other user interface controls are examples of external resources that can be handled by store events.

To define a store event

1. Choose the type of event that you want to monitor. For a full list, look at the properties of EventManagerDirectory. Each property corresponds to a type of event. The most frequently used event types are:

   • ElementAdded – triggered when a model element, relationship link, shape or connector is created.

   • ElementPropertyChanged – triggered when the value of a Normal domain property is changed. The event is triggered only if the new and old values are not equal. The event cannot be applied to calculated and custom storage properties.

     It cannot be applied to the role properties that correspond to relationship links. Instead, use ElementAdded to monitor the domain relationship.

   • ElementDeleted – triggered after a model element, relationship, shape or connector has been deleted. You can still access the property values of the element, but it will have no relationships to other elements.

2. Add a partial class definition for YourDslDocData in a separate code file in the DslPackage project.

3. Write the code of the event as a method, as in the following example. It can be static, unless you want to access DocData.

4. Override OnDocumentLoaded() to register the handler. If you have more than one handler, you can register them all in the same place.

The location of the registration code is not critical. DocView.LoadView() is an alternative location.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Modeling;

namespace Company.MusicLib
{
  partial class MusicLibDocData
  {
    // Register store events here or in DocView.LoadView().
    protected override void OnDocumentLoaded()
    {
      base.OnDocumentLoaded(); // Don’t forget this.

      #region Store event handler registration.     
      Store store = this.Store;
      EventManagerDirectory emd = store.EventManagerDirectory;
      DomainRelationshipInfo linkInfo = store.DomainDataDirectory
          .FindDomainRelationship(typeof(ArtistAppearsInAlbum));
      emd.ElementAdded.Add(linkInfo, 
          new EventHandler<ElementAddedEventArgs>(AddLink));
      emd.ElementDeleted.Add(linkInfo, 
          new EventHandler<ElementDeletedEventArgs>(RemoveLink));

      #endregion Store event handlers.
    }

    private void AddLink(object sender, ElementAddedEventArgs e)
    {
      ArtistAppearsInAlbum link = e.ModelElement as ArtistAppearsInAlbum;
      if (link != null) 
            ExternalDatabase.Add(link.Artist.Name, link.Album.Title);
    }
    private void RemoveLink(object sender, ElementDeletedEventArgs e)
    {
      ArtistAppearsInAlbum link = e.ModelElement as ArtistAppearsInAlbum;
      if (link != null) 
            ExternalDatabase.Delete(link.Artist.Name, link.Album.Title);
    }
  }

}

Using Events to Make Undoable Adjustments in the Store

Store events are not normally used for propagating changes inside the store, because the event handler executes after the transaction is committed. Instead, you would use a store rule. For more information, see Rules Propagate Changes Within the Model.

However, you could use an event handler to make additional updates to the store, if you want the user to be able to undo the additional updates separately from the original event. For example, suppose that lower case characters are the usual convention for album titles. You could write a store event handler that corrects the title to lower case after the user has typed it in upper case. But the user could use the Undo command to cancel your correction, restoring the upper case characters. A second Undo would remove the user’s change.

By contrast, if you wrote a store rule to do the same thing, the user’s change and your correction would be in the same transaction, so that the user could not undo the adjustment without losing the original change.

partial class MusicLibDocView
{
    // Register store events here or in DocData.OnDocumentLoaded().
    protected override void LoadView()
    {
      /* Register store event handler for Album Title property. */
      // Get reflection data for property:
      DomainPropertyInfo propertyInfo = 
        this.DocData.Store.DomainDataDirectory
        .FindDomainProperty(Album.TitleDomainPropertyId);
      // Add to property handler list:
      this.DocData.Store.EventManagerDirectory
        .ElementPropertyChanged.Add(propertyInfo,
        new EventHandler<ElementPropertyChangedEventArgs>
             (AlbumTitleAdjuster));

      /*
      // Alternatively, you can set one handler for 
      // all properties of a class.
      // Your handler has to determine which property changed.
      DomainClassInfo classInfo = this.Store.DomainDataDirectory
           .FindDomainClass(typeof(Album));
      this.Store.EventManagerDirectory
          .ElementPropertyChanged.Add(classInfo,
        new EventHandler<ElementPropertyChangedEventArgs>
             (AlbumTitleAdjuster));
       */
      return base.LoadView();
    }

// Undoable adjustment after a property is changed. 
// Method can be static since no local access.
private static void AlbumTitleAdjuster(object sender,
         ElementPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
  Album album = e.ModelElement as Album;
  Store store = album.Store;

  // We mustn't update the store in an Undo:
  if (store.InUndoRedoOrRollback 
      || store.InSerializationTransaction)
      return;

  if (e.DomainProperty.Id == Album.TitleDomainPropertyId)
  {
    string newValue = (string)e.NewValue;
    string lowerCase = newValue.ToLowerInvariant();
    if (!newValue.Equals(lowerCase))
    {
      using (Transaction t = store.TransactionManager
            .BeginTransaction("adjust album title"))
      {
        album.Title = lowerCase;
        t.Commit();
      } // Beware! This could trigger the event again.
    }
  }
  // else other properties of this class.
}

If you write an event that updates the store:

• Use store.InUndoRedoOrRollback to avoid making changes to model elements in Undo. The transaction manager will set everything in the store back to its original state.

• Use store.InSerializationTransaction to avoid making changes while the model is being loaded from file.

• Your changes will cause further events to be triggered. Make sure that you avoid an infinite loop.

Store Event types

Each event type corresponds to a collection in Store.EventManagerDirectory. You can add or remove event handlers at any time, but it is usual to add them when the document is loaded.

See Also

Other Resources

Responding to and Propagating Changes

Sample code: Circuit Diagrams