Event ID 57 — AD CS Certificate Request (Enrollment) Processing

Applies To: Windows Server 2008

One of the primary functions of a certification authority (CA) is to evaluate certificate requests from clients and, if predefined criteria are met, issue certificates to those clients. In order for certificate enrollment to succeed, a number of elements must be in place before the request is submitted, including a CA with a valid CA certificate; properly configured certificate templates, client accounts, and certificate requests; and a way for the client to submit the request to the CA, have the request validated, and install the issued certificate.

Event Details

Resolve

Remove conditions that prevent a certificate request from being approved

Problems in chain building are a common cause for certificate requests to fail. Use the following procedure to validate the certificate chain for the certification authority (CA) and fix any problems that are identified:

• Confirm user account information in Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS).
• Confirm certificate template information.
• Confirm the certificate chain for the CA.
• Check the most recent certificate revocation lists (CRLs).
• Publish a new CRL.

If this does not resolve the problem, check and resolve issues in the following areas:

• The failed requests queue for the CA
• AD DS connectivity

Signatures that are required to complete the certificate request might not be available. If this is the case:

• Enable additional users with registration authority certificates to sign certificate requests.
• Modify the certificate template to require fewer registration authority signatures.
• Submit the certificate request again.

Confirm user account information in AD DS

To perform this procedure, you must have membership in Domain Admins, or you must have been delegated the appropriate authority.

To confirm user account information:

1. On the domain controller, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and click Active Directory Users and Computers.
2. In the console tree, select the domain and user group in which the user's account should be located.
3. If the user account exists, right-click the account, click Properties, and confirm that the user has a properly configured Domain Name System (DNS) name. 

Confirm certificate template information

To perform this procedure, you must have Manage CA permission, or you must have been delegated the appropriate authority.

To confirm certificate template information:

1. On the computer hosting the CA, click Start, type certtmpl.msc and press ENTER.
2. Right-click the certificate template that you are troubleshooting, and confirm that the user or group has permissions to enroll for a certificate based on this template.

Confirm the certificate chain for the CA

To validate the chain for the CA:

1. Click Start, type mmc, and then press ENTER.
2. If the User Account Control dialog box appears, confirm that the action it displays is what you want, and then click Continue.
3. On the File menu, click Add/Remove Snap-in, click Certificates, and then click Add.
4. Click Computer account, and click Next.
5. Select the computer hosting the CA, click Finish, and then click OK.
6. Select each CA certificate in the certificate chain, and click View Certificate.
7. Click the Details tab, and click Copy to File to start the Certificate Export Wizard. Save each certificate with a .cer extension.
8. Open a command prompt and run the following command on each CA certificate: certutil -urlfetch -verify <CAcert.cer> and then press ENTER. Replace <CAcert.cer> with the name of a CA certificate file that you saved in step 7.
9. Use the same command with a certificate file for an end-entity (user or computer) certificate issued by the CA to confirm CRLs for the CA itself as well as its chain.
10. Resolve any problems identified in the command line output.

Generate and publish new CRLs

If the command line output indicates that a CRL for a CA has expired, generate new base and delta CRLs on the CA and copy them to the required locations. You may need to restart an offline CA to do this.

On the CA, check the current published CRL. By default, the CA creates CRLs in the folder %windir%\System32\CertSrv\CertEnroll. If the CRLs currently in this location have expired or are invalid, you can use the following procedure to publish a new CRL.

To publish a new CRL by using the Certification Authority snap-in:

1. On the computer hosting the CA, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and click Certification Authority.
2. Select the CA, and expand the folders below the CA name.
3. Right-click the Revoked Certificates folder.
4. Click All Tasks, and then click Publish.

You can also generate and publish CRLs from a command prompt.

To publish a CRL by using the Certutil command-line tool:

1. On the computer hosting the CA, click Start, type cmd and press ENTER..
2. Type certutil -CRL and press ENTER.** **

If a CRL is identified as unavailable but a valid CRL exists in the local directory on the CA, confirm that the CA can connect to the CRL distribution point, and then use the preceding steps to generate and publish CRLs again.

CRLs can be published manually to Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) by using the following command:

certutil -dspublish"<crlname.crl>" ldap:///CN=<CA name>,CN=<CA hostname>,CN=CDP,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=<contoso>,DC=<com>?certificateRevocationList?base?objectClass=cRLDistributionPoint

Replace *crlname.crl *with the name of your CRL file, <CA name> and <CA hostname> with your CA name and the name of the host on which that CA runs, and <contoso> and <*com> *with the namespace of your Active Directory domain.

Confirm configured CRL distribution points

Check all configured CRL distribution points to confirm that publication was successful and that new CRLs are available on the network.

To perform this procedure, you must have Manage CA permission, or you must have been delegated the appropriate authority.

To check the configured CRL distribution points by using the Certification Authority snap-in:

1. On the computer hosting the CA, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and click Certification Authority.
2. Right-click the name of the CA, and click Properties.
3. Click the Extensions tab.
4. Review the configured CRL distribution points and confirm that the names are valid.

To check the configured CRL distribution point URLs by using Certutil:

1. Open a command prompt window on the CA. 
2. Type certutil -getreg ca\crlpublicationurls and press ENTER.
3. Review the configured CRL distribution points and confirm that the names are valid.

Check the failed requests queue on the CA

To perform this procedure, you must have Manage CA permission, or you must have been delegated the appropriate authority.

To check the failed requests queue on the CA by using the Certification Authority snap-in:

1. On the computer hosting the CA, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and click Certification Authority.
2. Click Failed Requests.
3. Look for failed requests that were submitted at or near the time of the event, and check columns such as the Request Disposition Message, Request Status Code, and Requester Name for additional diagnostic information.

To check failed requests by using Certutil:

1. On the computer hosting the CA, click Start, type cmd and press ENTER.
2. Type certutil -view LogFail and press ENTER.
3. Type certutil -view -restrict requestID="<nnn>" and press ENTER. Replace nnn with the Request ID of one of the failed requests in the output of the LogFail command.

Confirm AD DS connectivity

To confirm an Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) connection to AD DS:

1. On the CA, open a command prompt window.

2. Type ping <server_FQDN>, where server_FQDN is the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the domain controller (for example, server1.contoso.com), and then press ENTER.

3. If the ping was successful, you will receive a reply similar to the following:

   Reply from IP_address: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=59

   Reply from IP_address: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=59

   Reply from IP_address: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=59

   Reply from IP_address: bytes=32 time=6ms TTL=59 3

4. At the command prompt, type ping <IP_address>, where IP_address is the IP address of the domain controller, and then press ENTER.

5. If you can successfully connect to the domain controller by IP address but not by FQDN, this indicates a possible issue with Domain Name System (DNS) host name resolution. If you cannot successfully connect to the domain controller by IP address, this indicates a possible issue with network connectivity, firewall configuration, or Internet Protocol security (IPsec) configuration.

Issue additional registration authority certificates

To perform this procedure, you must be a member of local Administrators on the computer hosting the CA, or you must have been delegated the appropriate authority.

To issue additional registration authority certificates:

1. On the computer hosting the CA, click Start, type certtmpl.msc, and then press ENTER.
2. In the details pane, right-click the registration authority certificate template, and then click Properties. 
3. On the Security tab, add the names of the users or groups to whom you want to issue registration authority certificates.
4. In Group or user names, click one of the new objects, and then, on Permissions forObjectName, under the Allow column, select the Read and Enroll check boxes.
5. Repeat the previous step for each new object, and click OK.
6. Click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and click Certification Authority.
7. Double-click the name of the CA.
8. Right-click the Certificate Templates container, click New, and then click Certificate Template to Issue.
9. Select the certificate template, and click OK.

Modify certificate template signature requirements

To perform this procedure, you must have Manage CA permission, or you must have been delegated the appropriate authority.

To modify certificate template signature requirements:

1. On the computer hosting the CA, click Start, type certtmpl.msc, and then press ENTER.
2. In the details pane, right-click the certificate template that you want to change, and then click Properties.
3. Click the Issuance Requirements tab.
4. Under This number of authorized signatures, enter the number of registration authority signatures you want to use.
5. Repeat the previous step for each new object, and click OK.
6. Click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and click Certification Authority.
7. Double-click the name of the CA.
8. Right-click the Certificate Templates container, click New, and then click Certificate Template to Issue.
9. Select the certificate template, and click OK.

Verify

To perform this procedure, you must have permission to request a certificate.

To confirm that certificate request processing is working properly:

1. Click Start, type certmgr.msc, and then press ENTER.
2. If the User Account Control dialog box appears, confirm that the action it displays is what you want, and then click Continue.
3. In the console tree, double-click Personal, and then click Certificates.
4. On the Action menu, point to All Tasks, and click Request New Certificate to start the Certificate Enrollment wizard. 
5. Use the wizard to create and submit a certificate request for any type of certificate that is available.
6. Under Certificate Installation Results, confirm that the enrollment completes successfully and no errors are reported. You can also click Details to view additional information about the certificate.

Related Management Information

AD CS Certificate Request (Enrollment) Processing

Active Directory Certificate Services