Funzioni di aggregazione definite dall'utente (UDAF)
Si applica a: Databricks Runtime
Le funzioni di aggregazione definite dall'utente sono routine programmabili dall'utente che agiscono contemporaneamente su più righe e restituiscono un singolo valore aggregato di conseguenza. Questa documentazione elenca le classi necessarie per la creazione e la registrazione di funzioni definite dall'utente. Contiene anche esempi che illustrano come definire e registrare le funzioni definite dall'utente in Scala e richiamarle in Spark SQL.
Aggregatore
Sintassi Aggregator[-IN, BUF, OUT]
Classe di base per le aggregazioni definite dall'utente, che possono essere usate nelle operazioni set di dati per accettare tutti gli elementi di un gruppo e ridurli a un singolo valore.
IN: tipo di input per l'aggregazione.
BUF: tipo del valore intermedio della riduzione.
OUT: tipo del risultato dell'output finale.
bufferEncoder: Encoder[BUF]
Codificatore per il tipo di valore intermedio.
finish(reduction: BUF): OUT
Trasformare l'output della riduzione.
merge(b1: BUF, b2: BUF): BUF
Unire due valori intermedi.
outputEncoder: Encoder[OUT]
Codificatore per il tipo di valore di output finale.
reduce(b: BUF, a: IN): BUF
Aggregare il valore
a
di input nel valore intermedio corrente. Per le prestazioni, la funzione può modificarlab
e restituirla invece di costruire un nuovo oggetto perb
.zero: BUF
Valore iniziale del risultato intermedio per questa aggregazione.
Esempi
Funzioni di aggregazione definite dall'utente indipendenti dai tipi
Le aggregazioni definite dall'utente per i set di dati fortemente tipizzato riguardano la Aggregator
classe astratta.
Ad esempio, una media definita dall'utente indipendente dai tipi può essere simile alla seguente:
Scala
import org.apache.spark.sql.{Encoder, Encoders, SparkSession}
import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.Aggregator
case class Employee(name: String, salary: Long)
case class Average(var sum: Long, var count: Long)
object MyAverage extends Aggregator[Employee, Average, Double] {
// A zero value for this aggregation. Should satisfy the property that any b + zero = b
def zero: Average = Average(0L, 0L)
// Combine two values to produce a new value. For performance, the function may modify `buffer`
// and return it instead of constructing a new object
def reduce(buffer: Average, employee: Employee): Average = {
buffer.sum += employee.salary
buffer.count += 1
buffer
}
// Merge two intermediate values
def merge(b1: Average, b2: Average): Average = {
b1.sum += b2.sum
b1.count += b2.count
b1
}
// Transform the output of the reduction
def finish(reduction: Average): Double = reduction.sum.toDouble / reduction.count
// The Encoder for the intermediate value type
val bufferEncoder: Encoder[Average] = Encoders.product
// The Encoder for the final output value type
val outputEncoder: Encoder[Double] = Encoders.scalaDouble
}
Java
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Encoder;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Encoders;
import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession;
import org.apache.spark.sql.TypedColumn;
import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.Aggregator;
public static class Employee implements Serializable {
private String name;
private long salary;
// Constructors, getters, setters...
}
public static class Average implements Serializable {
private long sum;
private long count;
// Constructors, getters, setters...
}
public static class MyAverage extends Aggregator<Employee, Average, Double> {
// A zero value for this aggregation. Should satisfy the property that any b + zero = b
public Average zero() {
return new Average(0L, 0L);
}
// Combine two values to produce a new value. For performance, the function may modify `buffer`
// and return it instead of constructing a new object
public Average reduce(Average buffer, Employee employee) {
long newSum = buffer.getSum() + employee.getSalary();
long newCount = buffer.getCount() + 1;
buffer.setSum(newSum);
buffer.setCount(newCount);
return buffer;
}
// Merge two intermediate values
public Average merge(Average b1, Average b2) {
long mergedSum = b1.getSum() + b2.getSum();
long mergedCount = b1.getCount() + b2.getCount();
b1.setSum(mergedSum);
b1.setCount(mergedCount);
return b1;
}
// Transform the output of the reduction
public Double finish(Average reduction) {
return ((double) reduction.getSum()) / reduction.getCount();
}
// The Encoder for the intermediate value type
public Encoder<Average> bufferEncoder() {
return Encoders.bean(Average.class);
}
// The Encoder for the final output value type
public Encoder<Double> outputEncoder() {
return Encoders.DOUBLE();
}
}
Encoder<Employee> employeeEncoder = Encoders.bean(Employee.class);
String path = "examples/src/main/resources/employees.json";
Dataset<Employee> ds = spark.read().format("json").load(path).as(employeeEncoder);
ds.show();
// +-------+------+
// | name|salary|
// +-------+------+
// |Michael| 3000|
// | Andy| 4500|
// | Justin| 3500|
// | Berta| 4000|
// +-------+------+
MyAverage myAverage = new MyAverage();
// Convert the function to a `TypedColumn` and give it a name
TypedColumn<Employee, Double> averageSalary = myAverage.toColumn().name("average_salary");
Dataset<Double> result = ds.select(averageSalary);
result.show();
// +--------------+
// |average_salary|
// +--------------+
// | 3750.0|
// +--------------+
Funzioni di aggregazione non tipate definite dall'utente
Le aggregazioni tipate, come descritto in precedenza, possono anche essere registrate come funzioni definite dall'utente non tipate per l'uso con i dataframe. Ad esempio, una media definita dall'utente per i dataframe non tipizzato può essere simile alla seguente:
Scala
import org.apache.spark.sql.{Encoder, Encoders, SparkSession}
import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.Aggregator
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions
case class Average(var sum: Long, var count: Long)
object MyAverage extends Aggregator[Long, Average, Double] {
// A zero value for this aggregation. Should satisfy the property that any b + zero = b
def zero: Average = Average(0L, 0L)
// Combine two values to produce a new value. For performance, the function may modify `buffer`
// and return it instead of constructing a new object
def reduce(buffer: Average, data: Long): Average = {
buffer.sum += data
buffer.count += 1
buffer
}
// Merge two intermediate values
def merge(b1: Average, b2: Average): Average = {
b1.sum += b2.sum
b1.count += b2.count
b1
}
// Transform the output of the reduction
def finish(reduction: Average): Double = reduction.sum.toDouble / reduction.count
// The Encoder for the intermediate value type
val bufferEncoder: Encoder[Average] = Encoders.product
// The Encoder for the final output value type
val outputEncoder: Encoder[Double] = Encoders.scalaDouble
}
// Register the function to access it
spark.udf.register("myAverage", functions.udaf(MyAverage))
val df = spark.read.format("json").load("examples/src/main/resources/employees.json")
df.createOrReplaceTempView("employees")
df.show()
// +-------+------+
// | name|salary|
// +-------+------+
// |Michael| 3000|
// | Andy| 4500|
// | Justin| 3500|
// | Berta| 4000|
// +-------+------+
val result = spark.sql("SELECT myAverage(salary) as average_salary FROM employees")
result.show()
// +--------------+
// |average_salary|
// +--------------+
// | 3750.0|
// +--------------+
Java
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Encoder;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Encoders;
import org.apache.spark.sql.Row;
import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession;
import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.Aggregator;
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions;
public static class Average implements Serializable {
private long sum;
private long count;
// Constructors, getters, setters...
}
public static class MyAverage extends Aggregator<Long, Average, Double> {
// A zero value for this aggregation. Should satisfy the property that any b + zero = b
public Average zero() {
return new Average(0L, 0L);
}
// Combine two values to produce a new value. For performance, the function may modify `buffer`
// and return it instead of constructing a new object
public Average reduce(Average buffer, Long data) {
long newSum = buffer.getSum() + data;
long newCount = buffer.getCount() + 1;
buffer.setSum(newSum);
buffer.setCount(newCount);
return buffer;
}
// Merge two intermediate values
public Average merge(Average b1, Average b2) {
long mergedSum = b1.getSum() + b2.getSum();
long mergedCount = b1.getCount() + b2.getCount();
b1.setSum(mergedSum);
b1.setCount(mergedCount);
return b1;
}
// Transform the output of the reduction
public Double finish(Average reduction) {
return ((double) reduction.getSum()) / reduction.getCount();
}
// The Encoder for the intermediate value type
public Encoder<Average> bufferEncoder() {
return Encoders.bean(Average.class);
}
// The Encoder for the final output value type
public Encoder<Double> outputEncoder() {
return Encoders.DOUBLE();
}
}
// Register the function to access it
spark.udf().register("myAverage", functions.udaf(new MyAverage(), Encoders.LONG()));
Dataset<Row> df = spark.read().format("json").load("examples/src/main/resources/employees.json");
df.createOrReplaceTempView("employees");
df.show();
// +-------+------+
// | name|salary|
// +-------+------+
// |Michael| 3000|
// | Andy| 4500|
// | Justin| 3500|
// | Berta| 4000|
// +-------+------+
Dataset<Row> result = spark.sql("SELECT myAverage(salary) as average_salary FROM employees");
result.show();
// +--------------+
// |average_salary|
// +--------------+
// | 3750.0|
// +--------------+
SQL
-- Compile and place UDAF MyAverage in a JAR file called `MyAverage.jar` in /tmp.
CREATE FUNCTION myAverage AS 'MyAverage' USING JAR '/tmp/MyAverage.jar';
SHOW USER FUNCTIONS;
+------------------+
| function|
+------------------+
| default.myAverage|
+------------------+
CREATE TEMPORARY VIEW employees
USING org.apache.spark.sql.json
OPTIONS (
path "examples/src/main/resources/employees.json"
);
SELECT * FROM employees;
+-------+------+
| name|salary|
+-------+------+
|Michael| 3000|
| Andy| 4500|
| Justin| 3500|
| Berta| 4000|
+-------+------+
SELECT myAverage(salary) as average_salary FROM employees;
+--------------+
|average_salary|
+--------------+
| 3750.0|
+--------------+