Aggiungere contenuto a una casella di testo utilizzando l'automazione interfaccia utente

Questo argomento contiene codice di esempio che illustra come usare Microsoft UI Automation per inserire testo in una casella di testo a riga singola. Viene fornito un metodo alternativo per i controlli multilinea e RTF in cui UI Automation non è applicabile. A scopo di confronto, l'esempio illustra anche come usare i metodi Win32 per ottenere gli stessi risultati.

Esempio

L'esempio seguente mostra una sequenza di controlli di testo in un'applicazione di destinazione. Ogni controllo di testo viene testato per verificare se un oggetto ValuePattern può essere ottenuto usando il metodo TryGetCurrentPattern. Se il controllo di testo supporta ValuePattern, il metodo SetValue viene utilizzato per inserire una stringa definita dall'utente nel controllo di testo. In caso contrario, viene usato il metodo SendKeys.SendWait.

///--------------------------------------------------------------------
/// <summary>
/// Sets the values of the text controls using managed methods.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The string to be inserted.</param>
///--------------------------------------------------------------------
private void SetValueWithUIAutomation(string s)
{
    foreach (AutomationElement control in textControls)
    {
        InsertTextUsingUIAutomation(control, s);
    }
}

///--------------------------------------------------------------------
/// <summary>
/// Inserts a string into each text control of interest.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="element">A text control.</param>
/// <param name="value">The string to be inserted.</param>
///--------------------------------------------------------------------
private void InsertTextUsingUIAutomation(AutomationElement element,
                                    string value)
{
    try
    {
        // Validate arguments / initial setup
        if (value == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(
                "String parameter must not be null.");

        if (element == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(
                "AutomationElement parameter must not be null");

        // A series of basic checks prior to attempting an insertion.
        //
        // Check #1: Is control enabled?
        // An alternative to testing for static or read-only controls
        // is to filter using
        // PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.IsEnabledProperty, true)
        // and exclude all read-only text controls from the collection.
        if (!element.Current.IsEnabled)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(
                "The control with an AutomationID of "
                + element.Current.AutomationId.ToString()
                + " is not enabled.\n\n");
        }

        // Check #2: Are there styles that prohibit us
        //           from sending text to this control?
        if (!element.Current.IsKeyboardFocusable)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(
                "The control with an AutomationID of "
                + element.Current.AutomationId.ToString()
                + "is read-only.\n\n");
        }

        // Once you have an instance of an AutomationElement,
        // check if it supports the ValuePattern pattern.
        object valuePattern = null;

        // Control does not support the ValuePattern pattern
        // so use keyboard input to insert content.
        //
        // NOTE: Elements that support TextPattern
        //       do not support ValuePattern and TextPattern
        //       does not support setting the text of
        //       multi-line edit or document controls.
        //       For this reason, text input must be simulated
        //       using one of the following methods.
        //
        if (!element.TryGetCurrentPattern(
            ValuePattern.Pattern, out valuePattern))
        {
            feedbackText.Append("The control with an AutomationID of ")
                .Append(element.Current.AutomationId.ToString())
                .Append(" does not support ValuePattern.")
                .AppendLine(" Using keyboard input.\n");

            // Set focus for input functionality and begin.
            element.SetFocus();

            // Pause before sending keyboard input.
            Thread.Sleep(100);

            // Delete existing content in the control and insert new content.
            SendKeys.SendWait("^{HOME}");   // Move to start of control
            SendKeys.SendWait("^+{END}");   // Select everything
            SendKeys.SendWait("{DEL}");     // Delete selection
            SendKeys.SendWait(value);
        }
        // Control supports the ValuePattern pattern so we can
        // use the SetValue method to insert content.
        else
        {
            feedbackText.Append("The control with an AutomationID of ")
                .Append(element.Current.AutomationId.ToString())
                .Append((" supports ValuePattern."))
                .AppendLine(" Using ValuePattern.SetValue().\n");

            // Set focus for input functionality and begin.
            element.SetFocus();

            ((ValuePattern)valuePattern).SetValue(value);
        }
    }
    catch (ArgumentNullException exc)
    {
        feedbackText.Append(exc.Message);
    }
    catch (InvalidOperationException exc)
    {
        feedbackText.Append(exc.Message);
    }
    finally
    {
        Feedback(feedbackText.ToString());
    }
}

'' --------------------------------------------------------------------
''  <summary>
''  Sets the values of the text controls using managed methods.
''  </summary>
''  <param name="s">The string to be inserted.</param>
'' --------------------------------------------------------------------
Private Sub SetValueWithUIAutomation(ByVal s As String)
    Dim control As AutomationElement
    For Each control In textControls
        InsertTextWithUIAutomation(control, s)
    Next control

End Sub


'' --------------------------------------------------------------------
''  <summary>
''  Inserts a string into each text control of interest.
''  </summary>
''  <param name="element">A text control.</param>
''  <param name="value">The string to be inserted.</param>
'' --------------------------------------------------------------------
Private Sub InsertTextWithUIAutomation( _
ByVal element As AutomationElement, ByVal value As String)
    Try
        ' Validate arguments / initial setup
        If value Is Nothing Then
            Throw New ArgumentNullException( _
            "String parameter must not be null.")
        End If

        If element Is Nothing Then
            Throw New ArgumentNullException( _
            "AutomationElement parameter must not be null")
        End If

        ' A series of basic checks prior to attempting an insertion.
        '
        ' Check #1: Is control enabled?
        ' An alternative to testing for static or read-only controls 
        ' is to filter using 
        ' PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.IsEnabledProperty, true) 
        ' and exclude all read-only text controls from the collection.
        If Not element.Current.IsEnabled Then
            Throw New InvalidOperationException( _
            "The control with an AutomationID of " + _
            element.Current.AutomationId.ToString() + _
            " is not enabled." + vbLf + vbLf)
        End If

        ' Check #2: Are there styles that prohibit us 
        '           from sending text to this control?
        If Not element.Current.IsKeyboardFocusable Then
            Throw New InvalidOperationException( _
            "The control with an AutomationID of " + _
            element.Current.AutomationId.ToString() + _
            "is read-only." + vbLf + vbLf)
        End If


        ' Once you have an instance of an AutomationElement,  
        ' check if it supports the ValuePattern pattern.
        Dim targetValuePattern As Object = Nothing

        ' Control does not support the ValuePattern pattern 
        ' so use keyboard input to insert content.
        '
        ' NOTE: Elements that support TextPattern 
        '       do not support ValuePattern and TextPattern
        '       does not support setting the text of 
        '       multi-line edit or document controls.
        '       For this reason, text input must be simulated
        '       using one of the following methods.
        '       
        If Not element.TryGetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern, targetValuePattern) Then
            feedbackText.Append("The control with an AutomationID of ") _
            .Append(element.Current.AutomationId.ToString()) _
            .Append(" does not support ValuePattern."). _
            AppendLine(" Using keyboard input.").AppendLine()

            ' Set focus for input functionality and begin.
            element.SetFocus()

            ' Pause before sending keyboard input.
            Thread.Sleep(100)

            ' Delete existing content in the control and insert new content.
            SendKeys.SendWait("^{HOME}") ' Move to start of control
            SendKeys.SendWait("^+{END}") ' Select everything
            SendKeys.SendWait("{DEL}") ' Delete selection
            SendKeys.SendWait(value)
        Else
            ' Control supports the ValuePattern pattern so we can 
            ' use the SetValue method to insert content.
            feedbackText.Append("The control with an AutomationID of ") _
            .Append(element.Current.AutomationId.ToString()) _
            .Append(" supports ValuePattern.") _
            .AppendLine(" Using ValuePattern.SetValue().").AppendLine()

            ' Set focus for input functionality and begin.
            element.SetFocus()
            Dim valueControlPattern As ValuePattern = _
            DirectCast(targetValuePattern, ValuePattern)
            valueControlPattern.SetValue(value)
        End If
    Catch exc As ArgumentNullException
        feedbackText.Append(exc.Message)
    Catch exc As InvalidOperationException
        feedbackText.Append(exc.Message)
    Finally
        Feedback(feedbackText.ToString())
    End Try

End Sub

Vedi anche

• Esempio di testo di inserimento TextPattern