Java 앱용 컨테이너 이미지 빌드 및 실행

• 4분

이 단원에서는 컨테이너 이미지를 빌드하고 실행합니다. 앞에서 알아보았습니다. 이미지의 실행 중인 인스턴스는 컨테이너입니다.

컨테이너 이미지 빌드

Dockerfile을 성공적으로 생성했으므로 이제 Docker에 컨테이너 이미지를 빌드하도록 지시할 수 있습니다.

docker build 는 컨테이너 이미지를 빌드하는 데 사용할 명령입니다. 인수를 -t 사용하여 컨테이너 레이블을 지정하고 Docker에서 . Dockerfile을 찾을 위치입니다. CLI에서 다음 명령을 실행합니다.

docker build -t flightbookingsystemsample .

다음과 유사한 결과가 표시됩니다.

docker build -t flightbookingsystemsample .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  101.3MB
Step 1/11 : FROM maven:3.6.0-jdk-11-slim AS build
3.6.0-jdk-11-slim: Pulling from library/maven
27833a3ba0a5: Pull complete
16d944e3d00d: Pull complete
6aaf465b8930: Pull complete
0684138f4cb6: Pull complete
67c4e741e688: Pull complete
933857515267: Pull complete
4f31e2918c2c: Pull complete
70a0a987b087: Pull complete
8369c7ef3731: Pull complete
7a73ce905393: Pull complete
c702b567a1e8: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:4f0face24d2f79439a8fa394555b09be99c9ad537b9b19983fb8cc358818a42d
Status: Downloaded newer image for maven:3.6.0-jdk-11-slim
 ---> c7428be691f8
Step 2/11 : WORKDIR /build
 ---> Running in f1656ab15874
Removing intermediate container f1656ab15874
 ---> d9bfeb518c86
Step 3/11 : COPY pom.xml .
 ---> a60aab61d487
Step 4/11 : COPY src ./src
 ---> 049803b88a20
Step 5/11 : COPY web ./web
 ---> 8d98ddb1fbc3
Step 6/11 : RUN mvn clean package
 ---> Running in 71a462c5b3ad
[INFO] Scanning for projects...

...

[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [FlightBookingSystemSample] in [/build/target/FlightBookingSystemSample-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp webResources [/build/web] to [/build/target/FlightBookingSystemSample-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [/build/src/main/webapp]
[INFO] Building war: /build/target/FlightBookingSystemSample-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  26.811 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-10-09T01:58:31Z
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Removing intermediate container 71a462c5b3ad
 ---> 3d40f8a4f631
Step 7/11 : FROM tomcat:8.5.72-jre11-openjdk-slim
8.5.72-jre11-openjdk-slim: Pulling from library/tomcat
bd897bb914af: Pull complete
0cc7fec72146: Pull complete
14c358bab58a: Pull complete
c12f81e19ff2: Pull complete
89238a07057c: Pull complete
46896a83c0d8: Pull complete
15f6001bf0c8: Pull complete
34374d37175f: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:807efbd54faa7342c1f75f1466889148fda1f299b81dc40404312352a2086a5f
Status: Downloaded newer image for tomcat:8.5.72-jre11-openjdk-slim
 ---> 77903b2cfd74
Step 8/11 : COPY tomcat-users.xml /usr/local/tomcat/conf
 ---> c540464832e7
Step 9/11 : COPY --from=build /build/target/*.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/FlightBookingSystemSample.war
 ---> 6d1eb5d1568c
Step 10/11 : EXPOSE 8080
 ---> Running in 753385de3d77
Removing intermediate container 753385de3d77
 ---> f744382dd869
Step 11/11 : CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]
 ---> Running in 58a822ee7a4a
Removing intermediate container 58a822ee7a4a
 ---> a0b73d3f3f91
Successfully built a0b73d3f3f91
Successfully tagged flightbookingsystemsample:latest

위에서 확인한 것처럼 Docker는 이전 단원에서 작성한 줄의 명령을 실행했습니다. 각 명령은 순차적인 단계입니다. 명령을 다시 실행하고 docker build 단계의 차이점을 확인합니다. 변경되지 않은 레이어에 대한 ---> Using cache을(를) 알 수 있습니다. docker build 명령을 다시 실행하기 전에 앱을 변경하지 않는 경우 이진 파일이 그대로 유지되고 Docker 캐시에서 공급될 수 있으므로 캐시된 모든 레이어를 확인할 수 있습니다. 이는 컨테이너 이미지를 최적화할 때 중요한 사항이며, 컨테이너 이미지를 빌드하는 데 소요된 시간과 관련된 컴퓨팅 비용이 발생합니다.

Docker는 상주하는 사용 가능한 이미지를 표시할 수도 있습니다. 이는 실행할 수 있는 이미지를 보는 데 유용합니다. CLI에서 다음 명령을 실행합니다.

docker image ls

다음과 유사한 결과가 표시됩니다.

docker image ls
REPOSITORY                                        TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
flightbookingsystemsample                         latest              cda4f5b459f1        About an hour ago   268MB

컨테이너 이미지 실행

컨테이너 이미지를 성공적으로 빌드했으므로 이제 실행할 수 있습니다.

docker run은 컨테이너 이미지를 실행하는 데 사용되는 명령입니다. -p ####:#### 인수는 런타임에 localhost HTTP(콜론 앞의 첫 번째 포트) 트래픽을 컨테이너(콜론 뒤의 두 번째 포트)로 전달합니다. Dockerfile에서 Tomcat 앱 서버가 포트 8080에서 HTTP 트래픽을 수신 대기하므로 노출해야 하는 컨테이너 포트입니다. 마지막으로 실행할 이미지를 Docker에 지시하려면 이미지 태그 flightbookingsystemsample 가 필요합니다. CLI에서 다음 명령을 실행합니다.

docker run -p 8080:8080 flightbookingsystemsample

다음과 유사한 결과가 표시됩니다.

docker run -p 8080:8080 flightbookingsystemsample
NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS:  --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.682 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version name:   Apache Tomcat/9.0.50
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.687 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server built:          Jun 28 2021 08:46:44 UTC
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.687 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version number: 9.0.50.0
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.688 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Name:               Linux
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.688 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Version:            5.10.16.3-microsoft-standard-WSL2
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.689 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Architecture:          amd64
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.690 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Java Home:             /usr/local/openjdk-11
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.694 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Version:           11.0.12+7
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.694 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Vendor:            Oracle Corporation
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.695 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_BASE:         /usr/local/tomcat
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.696 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_HOME:         /usr/local/tomcat
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.729 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.730 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.730 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.730 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.731 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.731 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.733 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.735 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.735 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.735 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.735 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dignore.endorsed.dirs=
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.735 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.736 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.736 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.762 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent Loaded Apache Tomcat Native library [1.2.30] using APR version [1.6.5].
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.763 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true], UDS [true].
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.763 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent APR/OpenSSL configuration: useAprConnector [false], useOpenSSL [true]
02-Aug-2021 20:50:22.776 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.initializeSSL OpenSSL successfully initialized [OpenSSL 1.1.1d  10 Sep 2019]
02-Aug-2021 20:50:23.686 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
02-Aug-2021 20:50:23.777 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load Server initialization in [1697] milliseconds
02-Aug-2021 20:50:23.977 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service [Catalina]
02-Aug-2021 20:50:23.978 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.50]
02-Aug-2021 20:50:24.039 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Deploying web app archive [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/FlightBookingSystemSample.war]
02-Aug-2021 20:50:27.164 INFO [main] org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner.scanJars At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
02-Aug-2021 20:50:30.887 INFO [main] com.sun.xml.ws.server.MonitorBase.createRoot Metro monitoring rootname successfully set to: com.sun.metro:pp=/,type=WSEndpoint,name=/FlightBookingSystemSample-PriceAndSeats-PriceAndSeatsPort
02-Aug-2021 20:50:31.151 INFO [main] com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletDelegate.<init> WSSERVLET14: JAX-WS servlet initializing
02-Aug-2021 20:50:32.662 INFO [main] com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener.contextInitialized WSSERVLET12: JAX-WS context listener initializing
02-Aug-2021 20:50:32.663 INFO [main] com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener.contextInitialized WSSERVLET12: JAX-WS context listener initializing
02-Aug-2021 20:50:32.735 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Deployment of web app archive [/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/FlightBookingSystemSample.war] has finished in [8,695] ms
02-Aug-2021 20:50:32.746 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
02-Aug-2021 20:50:32.768 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in [8990] milliseconds

브라우저 창을 열고 Flight Booking System for Airline Reservations 시작 페이지(http://localhost:8080/FlightBookingSystemSample)를 방문합니다.

다음이 표시되어야 합니다.

필요에 따라 tomcat-users.xml에서 모든 사용자로 로그인할 수 있습니다. 예를 들면 다음과 같습니다 someuser@azure.com: password.

컨테이너를 중지하려면 CLI 내에서 CTRL + c를 누릅니다.