使用檢查中間件對 Bot 進行偵錯

檢查狀態和檢查中間件是在 Startup.cs 檔案中設定，然後由配接器使用。

Startup.cs

});

services.AddSingleton<ConversationState>();

// Create the Bot Framework Authentication to be used with the Bot Adapter.

AdapterWithInspection.cs

{
    public class AdapterWithInspection : CloudAdapter
    {
        public AdapterWithInspection(BotFrameworkAuthentication auth, IConfiguration configuration, InspectionState inspectionState, UserState userState, ConversationState conversationState, ILogger<IBotFrameworkHttpAdapter> logger)
            : base(auth, logger)
        {
            // Inspection needs credentials because it will be sending the Activities and User and Conversation State to the emulator
            var credentials = new MicrosoftAppCredentials(configuration["MicrosoftAppId"], configuration["MicrosoftAppPassword"]);

            Use(new InspectionMiddleware(inspectionState, userState, conversationState, credentials));

            OnTurnError = async (turnContext, exception) =>
            {
                // Log any leaked exception from the application.
                logger.LogError(exception, $"[OnTurnError] unhandled error : {exception.Message}");

                // Send a message to the user
                await turnContext.SendActivityAsync("The bot encountered an error or bug.");
                await turnContext.SendActivityAsync("To continue to run this bot, please fix the bot source code.");

                // Send a trace activity, which will be displayed in the Bot Framework Emulator
                await turnContext.TraceActivityAsync("OnTurnError Trace", exception.Message, "https://www.botframework.com/schemas/error", "TurnError");
            };
        }

更新 EchoBot.cs 檔案中的 Bot 類別。

EchoBot.cs

protected override async Task OnMessageActivityAsync(ITurnContext<IMessageActivity> turnContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    var conversationStateProp = _conversationState.CreateProperty<CustomState>("customState");
    var convProp = await conversationStateProp.GetAsync(turnContext, () => new CustomState { Value = 0 }, cancellationToken);

    var userStateProp = _userState.CreateProperty<CustomState>("customState");
    var userProp = await userStateProp.GetAsync(turnContext, () => new CustomState { Value = 0 }, cancellationToken);

    await turnContext.SendActivityAsync(MessageFactory.Text($"Echo: {turnContext.Activity.Text} conversation state: {convProp.Value} user state: {userProp.Value}"), cancellationToken);

    convProp.Value++;
    userProp.Value++;
}

在更新 Bot 的程式代碼之前，請在終端機中執行下列命令，將其套件更新為最新版本：

npm install --save botbuilder@latest

接著，您需要更新 JavaScript Bot 的程式代碼，如下所示。 您可以在這裡閱讀更多： 更新 Bot 的程式代碼 ，或參閱 GitHub 上的檢查中間件 範例。

index.js

設定檢查狀態，並將檢查中間件新增至index.js檔案中的配接器。

// Import required bot services.
// See https://aka.ms/bot-services to learn more about the different parts of a bot.
const {
    CloudAdapter,
    ConversationState,
    InspectionMiddleware,
    InspectionState,
    MemoryStorage,
    UserState,
    ConfigurationBotFrameworkAuthentication
} = require('botbuilder');

const { MicrosoftAppCredentials } = require('botframework-connector');

const botFrameworkAuthentication = new ConfigurationBotFrameworkAuthentication(process.env);

// Create adapter.
// See https://aka.ms/about-bot-adapter to learn more about how bots work.
const adapter = new CloudAdapter(botFrameworkAuthentication);

// Create the Storage provider and the various types of BotState.
const memoryStorage = new MemoryStorage();
const inspectionState = new InspectionState(memoryStorage);
const userState = new UserState(memoryStorage);
const conversationState = new ConversationState(memoryStorage);

// Create and add the InspectionMiddleware to the adapter.
adapter.use(new InspectionMiddleware(inspectionState, userState, conversationState, new MicrosoftAppCredentials(process.env.MicrosoftAppId, process.env.MicrosoftAppPassword)));

// Catch-all for errors.
adapter.onTurnError = async (context, error) => {
    // This check writes out errors to console log .vs. app insights.
    // NOTE: In production environment, you should consider logging this to Azure
    //       application insights. See https://aka.ms/bottelemetry for telemetry
    //       configuration instructions.
    console.error(`\n [onTurnError] unhandled error: ${ error }`);

bot.js

更新 bot.js 檔案中的 Bot 類別。

this.onMessage(async (context, next) => {
    // get the state objects
    const testConversationState = await this.conversationStateAccessor.get(context, { count: 0 });
    const testUserState = await this.userStateAccessor.get(context, { count: 0 });

    // print the current state to the reply to show we are incrementing it
    await context.sendActivity(`You said '${ context.activity.text }' conversation-state: ${ testConversationState.count } user-state: ${ testUserState.count }`);

    // do the actual increment
    testConversationState.count++;
    testUserState.count++;

    // By calling next() you ensure that the next BotHandler is run.
    await next();
});

設定檢查狀態，並將檢查中間件新增至Application.java檔案中的配接器。 檢查狀態是藉由提供新的 Spring @Bean 來提供設定為 @Primary 的 BotFrameworkHttpAdapter，因此它會覆寫 BotDependencyConfiguration 基類所提供的預設 BotFrameworkHttpAdapter。 請參閱下面的程式代碼更新，或參閱 GitHub 上的檢查中間件 範例。

Application.java

/**
 * Create an adapter with InspectionMiddleware.
 *
 * <p>
 * NOTE: This is marked as @Primary to override the default Bean.
 * </p>
 *
 * @param configuration     The configuration.
 *                          {@link BotDependencyConfiguration#getConfiguration()}
 * @param inspectionState   The InspectionState.
 *                          {@link BotDependencyConfiguration#getInspectionState(Storage)}
 * @param userState         The UserState.
 *                          {@link BotDependencyConfiguration#getUserState(Storage)}
 * @param conversationState The ConversationState.
 *                          {@link BotDependencyConfiguration#getConversationState(Storage)}
 * @return An AdapterWithInspection object.
 */
@Bean
@Primary
public BotFrameworkHttpAdapter getInspectionBotFrameworkHttpAdapter(
    Configuration configuration,
    InspectionState inspectionState,
    UserState userState,
    ConversationState conversationState
) {
    return new AdapterWithInspection(
        configuration,
        inspectionState,
        userState,
        conversationState
    );
}

AdapterWithInspection 會實作為 com.microsoft.bot.integration 套件的一部分，而且可從 Java SDK 原始程式碼檢閱。

更新 EchoBot.java 檔案中的 Bot 類別。

EchoBot.java

@Override
protected CompletableFuture<Void> onMessageActivity(TurnContext turnContext) {
    // Get state data from ConversationState.
    StatePropertyAccessor<CustomState> dataAccessor =
        conversationState.createProperty("customState");
    CompletableFuture<CustomState> convStateFuture =
        dataAccessor.get(turnContext, CustomState::new);

    // Get profile from UserState.
    StatePropertyAccessor<CustomState> profileAccessor =
        userState.createProperty("customState");
    CompletableFuture<CustomState> userStateFuture =
        profileAccessor.get(turnContext, CustomState::new);

    return convStateFuture.thenCombine(userStateFuture, (convProp, userProp) -> {
        convProp.setValue(convProp.getValue() + 1);
        userProp.setValue(userProp.getValue() + 1);

        return turnContext.sendActivity(
            MessageFactory.text(
                String.format(
                    "Echo: %s conversation state %d user state %d",
                    turnContext.getActivity().getText(), convProp.getValue(),
                    userProp.getValue()
                )
            )
        );
    }).thenApply(resourceResponse -> null);
}

在更新 Bot 的程式代碼之前，請在終端機中執行下列命令來安裝必要的 PyPI 套件：

pip install aiohttp
pip install botbuilder-core>=4.7.0

將中間件新增至配接器，以在 app.py 檔案中設定檢查狀態。

app.py

from botbuilder.core import (
    ConversationState,
    MemoryStorage,
    TurnContext,
    UserState,
)
from botbuilder.core.inspection import InspectionMiddleware, InspectionState
from botbuilder.core.integration import aiohttp_error_middleware
from botbuilder.integration.aiohttp import CloudAdapter, ConfigurationBotFrameworkAuthentication
from botbuilder.schema import Activity, ActivityTypes
from botframework.connector.auth import MicrosoftAppCredentials

# Create adapter.
# See https://aka.ms/about-bot-adapter to learn more about how bots work.
ADAPTER = CloudAdapter(ConfigurationBotFrameworkAuthentication(CONFIG))

# Catch-all for errors.
USER_STATE = UserState(MEMORY)
CONVERSATION_STATE = ConversationState(MEMORY)

# Create InspectionMiddleware
INSPECTION_MIDDLEWARE = InspectionMiddleware(
    inspection_state=InspectionState(MEMORY),
    user_state=USER_STATE,
    conversation_state=CONVERSATION_STATE,
    credentials=MicrosoftAppCredentials(
        app_id=CONFIG.APP_ID, password=CONFIG.APP_PASSWORD
    ),
)
ADAPTER.use(INSPECTION_MIDDLEWARE)

# Create Bot
BOT = EchoBot(CONVERSATION_STATE, USER_STATE)

更新 echo_bot.py 檔案中的 Bot 類別。

bots/echo_bot.py

async def on_message_activity(self, turn_context: TurnContext):
    # Get the state properties from the turn context.
    user_data = await self.user_state_accessor.get(turn_context, CustomState)
    conversation_data = await self.conversation_state_accessor.get(
        turn_context, CustomState
    )

    await turn_context.send_activity(
        MessageFactory.text(
            f"Echo: {turn_context.activity.text}, "
            f"conversation state: {conversation_data.value}, "
            f"user state: {user_data.value}"
        )
    )

    user_data.value = user_data.value + 1
    conversation_data.value = conversation_data.value + 1