Use React to build an Excel task pane add-in

發行項
09/17/2024

In this article, you'll walk through the process of building an Excel task pane add-in using React and the Excel JavaScript API.

Prerequisites

Node.js (the latest LTS version). Visit the Node.js site to download and install the right version for your operating system.
The latest version of Yeoman and the Yeoman generator for Office Add-ins. To install these tools globally, run the following command via the command prompt.
```
npm install -g yo generator-office
```
Note

Even if you've previously installed the Yeoman generator, we recommend you update your package to the latest version from npm.
Office connected to a Microsoft 365 subscription (including Office on the web).

Note

If you don't already have Office, you might qualify for a Microsoft 365 E5 developer subscription through the Microsoft 365 Developer Program; for details, see the FAQ. Alternatively, you can sign up for a 1-month free trial or purchase a Microsoft 365 plan.

Create the add-in project

Run the following command to create an add-in project using the Yeoman generator. A folder that contains the project will be added to the current directory.

yo office

Note

When you run the yo office command, you may receive prompts about the data collection policies of Yeoman and the Office Add-in CLI tools. Use the information that's provided to respond to the prompts as you see fit.

When prompted, provide the following information to create your add-in project.

Choose a project type: Office Add-in Task Pane project using React framework
Choose a script type: TypeScript
What do you want to name your add-in? My Office Add-in
Which Office client application would you like to support? Excel

The Yeoman Office Add-in generator command line interface, with project type set to the React framework.

After you complete the wizard, the generator creates the project and installs supporting Node components.

Explore the project

The add-in project that you've created with the Yeoman generator contains sample code for a basic task pane add-in. If you'd like to explore the key components of your add-in project, open the project in your code editor and review the files listed below. When you're ready to try out your add-in, proceed to the next section.

The manifest.xml file in the root directory of the project defines the settings and capabilities of the add-in. To learn more about the manifest.xml file, see Office Add-ins with the add-in only manifest.
The ./src/taskpane/taskpane.html file defines the HTML framework of the task pane, and the files within the ./src/taskpane/components folder define the various parts of the task pane UI.
The ./src/taskpane/taskpane.css file contains the CSS that's applied to content in the task pane.
The ./src/taskpane/components/App.tsx file contains the Office JavaScript API code that facilitates interaction between the task pane and Excel.

Try it out

Navigate to the root folder of the project.
```
cd "My Office Add-in"
```
Complete the following steps to start the local web server and sideload your add-in.
Note
- Office Add-ins should use HTTPS, not HTTP, even while you're developing. If you're prompted to install a certificate after you run one of the following commands, accept the prompt to install the certificate that the Yeoman generator provides. You may also have to run your command prompt or terminal as an administrator for the changes to be made.
- If this is your first time developing an Office Add-in on your machine, you may be prompted in the command line to grant Microsoft Edge WebView a loopback exemption ("Allow localhost loopback for Microsoft Edge WebView?"). When prompted, enter Y to allow the exemption. Note that you'll need administrator privileges to allow the exemption. Once allowed, you shouldn't be prompted for an exemption when you sideload Office Add-ins in the future (unless you remove the exemption from your machine). To learn more, see "We can't open this add-in from localhost" when loading an Office Add-in or using Fiddler.
Tip

If you're testing your add-in on Mac, run the following command before proceeding. When you run this command, the local web server starts.
```
npm run dev-server
```
- To test your add-in in Excel, run the following command in the root directory of your project. This starts the local web server and opens Excel with your add-in loaded.
```
npm start
```
- To test your add-in in Excel on a browser, run the following command in the root directory of your project. When you run this command, the local web server starts. Replace "{url}" with the URL of an Excel document on your OneDrive or a SharePoint library to which you have permissions.
  
  Note
  
  If you are developing on a Mac, enclose the {url} in single quotation marks. Do not do this on Windows.
```
npm run start:web -- --document {url}
```
  The following are examples.
  - npm run start:web -- --document https://contoso.sharepoint.com/:t:/g/EZGxP7ksiE5DuxvY638G798BpuhwluxCMfF1WZQj3VYhYQ?e=F4QM1R
  - npm run start:web -- --document https://1drv.ms/x/s!jkcH7spkM4EGgcZUgqthk4IK3NOypVw?e=Z6G1qp
  - npm run start:web -- --document https://contoso-my.sharepoint-df.com/:t:/p/user/EQda453DNTpFnl1bFPhOVR0BwlrzetbXvnaRYii2lDr_oQ?e=RSccmNP
  If your add-in doesn't sideload in the document, manually sideload it by following the instructions in Manually sideload add-ins to Office on the web.
In Excel, choose the Home tab, and then choose the Show Taskpane button on the ribbon to open the add-in task pane.
Select any range of cells in the worksheet.
At the bottom of the task pane, choose the Run link to set the color of the selected range to yellow.
When you want to stop the local web server and uninstall the add-in, follow the applicable instructions:
- To stop the server, run the following command. If you used npm start, the following command also uninstalls the add-in.
```
npm stop
```
- If you manually sideloaded the add-in, see Remove a sideloaded add-in.

Next steps

Congratulations, you've successfully created an Excel task pane add-in using React! Next, learn more about the capabilities of an Excel add-in and build a more complex add-in by following along with the Excel add-in tutorial.

Excel add-in tutorial

Troubleshooting

Ensure your environment is ready for Office development by following the instructions in Set up your development environment.
Some of the sample code uses ES6 JavaScript. This isn't compatible with older versions of Office that use the Trident (Internet Explorer 11) browser engine. For information on how to support those platforms in your add-in, see Support older Microsoft webviews and Office versions. If you don't already have a Microsoft 365 subscription to use for development, you might qualify for a Microsoft 365 E5 developer subscription through the Microsoft 365 Developer Program; for details, see the FAQ. Alternatively, you can sign up for a 1-month free trial or purchase a Microsoft 365 plan.

The automatic npm install step Yo Office performs may fail. If you see errors when trying to run npm start, navigate to the newly created project folder in a command prompt and manually run npm install. For more information about Yo Office, see Create Office Add-in projects using the Yeoman Generator.

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