擷取應用程式套件內容（C++）

發行項
02/14/2024

瞭解如何使用封裝 API 從 Windows 應用程式的應用程式套件擷取檔案。

您也可以使用 MakeAppx.exe 工具來從應用程式套件或套件組合擷取檔案。如需詳細資訊，請參閱從套件或套件組合擷取檔案。

建立套件讀取器

若要建立套件讀取器，請呼叫 IAppxFactory：：CreatePackageReader 方法。第一個參數是封裝的輸入數據流（.appx檔案）。第二個參數是輸出參數，可接收IAppxPackageReader指標的指標。

#include <windows.h>
#include <shlwapi.h>
#include <AppxPackaging.h>

int wmain(
    _In_ int argc,
    _In_count_(argc) wchar_t** argv)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    if (argc != 3)
    {
        wprintf(L"Usage:  ExtractAppx.exe inputFile outputPath\n");
        wprintf(L"    inputFile: Path to the appx package\n");
        wprintf(L"    outputPath: Path to the folder for the extracted package contents\n");
        return 2;
    }

    // Specify the appropriate COM threading model
    hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        // Create a package reader using the file name in argv[1] 
        IAppxPackageReader* packageReader = NULL;
        hr = GetPackageReader(argv[1], &packageReader);

        // Print information about all footprint files, and extract them to disk
        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            hr = ExtractFootprintFiles(packageReader, argv[2]);
        }

        // Print information about all payload files, and extract them to disk
        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            hr = ExtractPayloadFiles(packageReader, argv[2]);
        }
    }
}

//
// Creates an app package reader.
//
// Parameters:
//   inputFileName  
//     The fully-qualified name of the app package (.appx file) to be opened.
//   reader 
//     On success, receives the created instance of IAppxPackageReader.
//
HRESULT GetPackageReader(
    _In_ LPCWSTR inputFileName,
    _Outptr_ IAppxPackageReader** reader)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IAppxFactory* appxFactory = NULL;
    IStream* inputStream = NULL;

    // Create a new factory
    hr = CoCreateInstance(
            __uuidof(AppxFactory),
            NULL,
            CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
            __uuidof(IAppxFactory),
            (LPVOID*)(&appxFactory));

    // Create a stream over the input app package
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = SHCreateStreamOnFileEx(
                inputFileName,
                STGM_READ | STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE,
                0, // default file attributes
                FALSE, // do not create new file
                NULL, // no template
                &inputStream);
    }

    // Create a new package reader using the factory.  For 
    // simplicity, we don't verify the digital signature of the package.
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = appxFactory->CreatePackageReader(
                inputStream,
                reader);
    }

    // Clean up allocated resources
    if (inputStream != NULL)
    {
        inputStream->Release();
        inputStream = NULL;
    }
    if (appxFactory != NULL)
    {
        appxFactory->Release();
        appxFactory = NULL;
    }
    return hr;
}

擷取使用量檔案

呼叫 IAppxPackageReader：：GetFootprintFile 方法來取得每個使用量檔案。每個使用量檔案都會以 IAppxFile 介面表示。 ExtractFile此範例中的函式會使用IAppxFile的 GetName、GetContentType 和 GetSize 方法來顯示磁碟使用量檔案的基本資訊。

//
// Extracts all footprint files from a package.
//
// Parameters:
//   packageReader 
//      The package reader for the app package.
//   outputPath 
//      The path of the folder for the extracted footprint files.
//
// Types of footprint files in an app package
const int FootprintFilesCount = 4;
const APPX_FOOTPRINT_FILE_TYPE FootprintFilesType[FootprintFilesCount] = {
APPX_FOOTPRINT_FILE_TYPE_MANIFEST,
APPX_FOOTPRINT_FILE_TYPE_BLOCKMAP,
APPX_FOOTPRINT_FILE_TYPE_SIGNATURE,
APPX_FOOTPRINT_FILE_TYPE_CODEINTEGRITY
};
const LPCWSTR FootprintFilesName[FootprintFilesCount] = {
L"manifest",
L"block map",
L"digital signature",
L"CI catalog"
}; 
//

HRESULT ExtractFootprintFiles(
    _In_ IAppxPackageReader* packageReader,
    _In_ LPCWSTR outputPath)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    wprintf(L"\nExtracting footprint files from the package...\n");

    for (int i = 0; SUCCEEDED(hr) && (i < FootprintFilesCount); i++)
    {
        IAppxFile* footprintFile = NULL;

        hr = packageReader->GetFootprintFile(FootprintFilesType[i], &footprintFile);

        if (hr == HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND))
        {
            // Some footprint files are optional. It is normal for the GetFootprintFile
            // call to fail when there is no file.
            wprintf(L"\nThe package does not contain a %s.\n", FootprintFilesName[i]);
            hr = S_OK;
        }
        else if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            hr = ExtractFile(footprintFile, outputPath);
        }

        if (footprintFile != NULL)
        {
            footprintFile->Release();
            footprintFile = NULL;
        }
    }
    return hr;
}

//
// Prints basic info about a footprint or payload file and writes the file to disk.
//
// Parameters:
//   file 
//      The IAppxFile interface that represents a footprint or payload file in the package.
//   outputPath 
//      The path of the folder for the extracted files.
//
HRESULT ExtractFile(
    _In_ IAppxFile* file,
    _In_ LPCWSTR outputPath)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    LPWSTR fileName = NULL;
    LPWSTR contentType = NULL;
    UINT64 fileSize = 0;
    IStream* fileStream = NULL;
    IStream* outputStream = NULL;
    ULARGE_INTEGER fileSizeLargeInteger = {0};

    // Get basic info about the file
    hr = file->GetName(&fileName);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = file->GetContentType(&contentType);
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = file->GetSize(&fileSize);
        fileSizeLargeInteger.QuadPart = fileSize;
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        wprintf(L"\nFile name: %s\n", fileName);
        wprintf(L"Content type: %s\n", contentType);
        wprintf(L"Size: %llu bytes\n", fileSize);
    }

    // Write the file to disk
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = file->GetStream(&fileStream);
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = GetOutputStream(outputPath, fileName, &outputStream);
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = fileStream->CopyTo(outputStream, fileSizeLargeInteger, NULL, NULL);
    }

    // You must free string buffers obtained from the packaging APIs
    CoTaskMemFree(fileName);
    CoTaskMemFree(contentType);

    // Clean up other allocated resources
    if (outputStream != NULL)
    {
        outputStream->Release();
        outputStream = NULL;
    }
    if (fileStream != NULL)
    {
        fileStream->Release();
        fileStream = NULL;
    }
    return hr;
}

上述程式代碼會使用這些變數定義和 GetOutputStream 協助程式函式。

// Creates a writable IStream for a file with the specified name under the specified path.  
// This function also creates intermediate subdirectories if necessary. For simplicity, 
// we keep file names including path to 200 characters or less. Make sure your appl 
// handles longer names. Allocate the necessary buffer dynamically.
//
// Parameters:
//    path 
//       The path of the folder containing the file to be opened. Make sure this does not end
//       with a '\' character.
//    fileName 
//       The name of the file to be opened, without the path.
//    stream 
//       On success, receives the created instance of IStream.
//
HRESULT GetOutputStream(
    _In_ LPCWSTR path,
    _In_ LPCWSTR fileName,
    _Outptr_ IStream** stream)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    const int MaxFileNameLength = 200;
    WCHAR fullFileName[MaxFileNameLength + 1];

    // Create full file name by concatenating path and fileName
    hr = StringCchCopyW(fullFileName, MaxFileNameLength, path);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = StringCchCat(fullFileName, MaxFileNameLength, L"\\");
    }
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = StringCchCat(fullFileName, MaxFileNameLength, fileName);
    }

    // Search through fullFileName for the '\' character which denotes
    // subdirectory and create each subdirectory in order of depth.
    for (int i = 0; SUCCEEDED(hr) && (i < MaxFileNameLength); i++)
    {
        if (fullFileName[i] == L'\0')
        {
            break;
        }
        else if (fullFileName[i] == L'\\')
        {
            // Temporarily set string to terminate at the '\' character
            // to obtain name of the subdirectory to create
            fullFileName[i] = L'\0';

            if (!CreateDirectory(fullFileName, NULL))
            {
                DWORD lastError = GetLastError();

                // It is normal for CreateDirectory to fail if the subdirectory
                // already exists.  Don't ignore other errors.
                if (lastError != ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS)
                {
                    hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(lastError);
                }
            }

            // Restore original string
            fullFileName[i] = L'\\';
        }
    }

    // Create stream for writing the file
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = SHCreateStreamOnFileEx(
                fullFileName,
                STGM_CREATE | STGM_WRITE | STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE,
                0, // default file attributes
                TRUE, // create new file if it does not exist
                NULL, // no template
                stream);
    }
    return hr;
}

擷取承載檔案

呼叫 IAppxPackageReader：：GetPayloadFiles 方法來列舉承載檔案。每個承載檔案都會以 IAppxFile 介面表示。 ExtractFile此範例中的函式會使用IAppxFile的 GetName、GetContentType 和 GetSize 方法來顯示承載檔案的基本資訊。

此程式代碼會使用 ExtractFile 上一個步驟所示的協助程式函式來建立封裝指令清單的數據流。

//
// Extracts all payload files from a package.
//
// Parameters:
//   packageReader 
//      The package reader for the app package.
//   outputPath 
//      The path of the folder for the extracted payload files.
//
HRESULT ExtractPayloadFiles(
    _In_ IAppxPackageReader* packageReader,
    _In_ LPCWSTR outputPath)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IAppxFilesEnumerator* payloadFiles = NULL;
    wprintf(L"\nExtracting payload files from the package...\n");

    // Get an enumerator of all payload files from the package reader and iterate
    // through all files.
    hr = packageReader->GetPayloadFiles(&payloadFiles);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        BOOL hasCurrent = FALSE;
        hr = payloadFiles->GetHasCurrent(&hasCurrent);

        while (SUCCEEDED(hr) && hasCurrent)
        {
            IAppxFile* payloadFile = NULL;

            hr = payloadFiles->GetCurrent(&payloadFile);

            if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
            {
                hr = ExtractFile(payloadFile, outputPath);
            }
            if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
            {
                hr = payloadFiles->MoveNext(&hasCurrent);
            }

            if (payloadFile != NULL)
            {
                payloadFile->Release();
                payloadFile = NULL;
            }
        }
    }

    if (payloadFiles != NULL)
    {
        payloadFiles->Release();
        payloadFiles = NULL;
    }
    return hr;
}

清除套件讀取器

從 wmain 函式傳回之前，請先呼叫 Release 方法來清除封裝讀取器，並呼叫 CoUninitialize 函式 。

// Clean up allocated resources
if (packageReader != NULL)
{
    packageReader->Release();
    packageReader = NULL;
}

CoUninitialize();

範例
擷取應用程式套件內容範例
參考
IAppxPackageReader

共用方式為

擷取應用程式套件內容（C++）

建立套件讀取器

擷取使用量檔案

擷取承載檔案

清除套件讀取器

意見反應

其他資源

共用方式為

擷取應用程式套件內容 （C++）

建立套件讀取器

擷取使用量檔案

擷取承載檔案

清除套件讀取器

相關主題

意見反應

其他資源

擷取應用程式套件內容（C++）