1.1 Glossary
This document uses the following terms:
absolute URL: The full Internet address of a page or other World Wide Web resource. The absolute URL includes a protocol, such as "http," a network location, and an optional path and file name — for example, http://www.treyresearch.net/.
antivirus status page: A page that is presented to a protocol client and displays antivirus information for the requested resource.
Augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF): A modified version of Backus-Naur Form (BNF), commonly used by Internet specifications. ABNF notation balances compactness and simplicity with reasonable representational power. ABNF differs from standard BNF in its definitions and uses of naming rules, repetition, alternatives, order-independence, and value ranges. For more information, see [RFC5234].
authentication mode: One of several modes in which an authentication exchange can be performed.
crawl: The process of traversing a URL space to acquire items to record in a search catalog.
crawler: A process that browses and indexes content from a content source.
document library: A type of list that is a container for documents and folders.
form digest: An object that is inserted into a page and is used by a protocol server to validate client requests. The validation is specific to a user, site, and time period.
forms authentication: An authentication method in which protocol clients redirect unauthenticated requests to an HTML form by using HTTP. If the protocol client authenticates the request, the system issues a cookie that stores the credentials or a key for reacquiring the identity. In subsequent requests, the cookie is submitted in request headers and the requests are authenticated and authorized by an ASP.NET event handler that uses the validation method that is specified by the protocol client.
front-end web server: A server that hosts webpages, performs processing tasks, and accepts requests from protocol clients and sends them to the appropriate back-end server for further processing.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): An application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web.
Information Rights Management (IRM): A technology that provides persistent protection to digital data by using encryption, certificates, and authentication. Authorized recipients or users acquire a license to gain access to the protected files according to the rights or business rules that are set by the content owner.
IRM protector: An application that converts a file to an encrypted format when a user downloads the file and to a nonencrypted format when a user uploads a rights-managed file. See also Information Rights Management (IRM).
leaf name: The segment of a URL that follows the last slash. If the resource is a directory, the leaf name can be an empty string.
MIME Encapsulation of Aggregate HTML Documents (MHTML): A MIME-encapsulated HTML document, as described in [RFC2557].
permission: A rule that is associated with an object and that regulates which users can gain access to the object and in what manner. See also rights.
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL): A security protocol that supports confidentiality and integrity of messages in client and server applications that communicate over open networks. SSL supports server and, optionally, client authentication using X.509 certificates [X509] and [RFC5280]. SSL is superseded by Transport Layer Security (TLS). TLS version 1.0 is based on SSL version 3.0 [SSL3].
site-relative URL: A URL that is relative to the site that contains a resource and does not begin with a leading slash (/).
thicket: A means of storing a complex HTML document with its related files. It consists of a thicket main file and a hidden thicket folder that contains a thicket manifest and a set of thicket supporting files that, together, store the referenced content of the document.
thicket supporting file: A file that contains a graphic element, a picture, or other media that is referenced by the thicket main file and is stored in the thicket folder.
Transport Layer Security (TLS): A security protocol that supports confidentiality and integrity of messages in client and server applications communicating over open networks. TLS supports server and, optionally, client authentication by using X.509 certificates (as specified in [X509]). TLS is standardized in the IETF TLS working group.
Uniform Resource Locator (URL): A string of characters in a standardized format that identifies a document or resource on the World Wide Web. The format is as specified in [RFC1738].
User-Agent header: An HTTP request-header field, as described in [RFC2616]. It contains information about the user agent that originated a request.
virus scanner: Software that is used to search for and remove computer viruses, worms, and Trojan horses.
web crawler: A search component that traverses websites, downloads content from those sites, and submits that content for indexing.
WebDAV client: A computer that uses WebDAV, as described in [RFC2518] or [RFC4918], to retrieve data from a WebDAV server.
MAY, SHOULD, MUST, SHOULD NOT, MUST NOT: These terms (in all caps) are used as defined in [RFC2119]. All statements of optional behavior use either MAY, SHOULD, or SHOULD NOT.