CWnd Class

Article
01/08/2013

Provides the base functionality of all window classes in the Microsoft Foundation Class Library.

class CWnd : public CCmdTarget

Members

Public Constructors

Name	Description
CWnd::CWnd	Constructs a CWnd object.

Public Methods

Name	Description
CWnd::accDoDefaultAction	Called by the framework to perform the object's default action.
CWnd::accHitTest	Called by the framework to retrieve the child element or child object at a given point on the screen.
CWnd::accLocation	Called by the framework to retrieve the specified object's current screen location.
CWnd::accNavigate	Called by the framework to traverse to another user interface element within a container and if possible, retrieve the object.
CWnd::accSelect	Called by the framework to modify the selection or move the keyboard focus of the specified object.
CWnd::AnimateWindow	Animates the associated window object.
CWnd::ArrangeIconicWindows	Arranges all the minimized (iconic) child windows.
CWnd::Attach	Attaches a Windows handle to a CWnd object.
CWnd::BeginModalState	Call this member function to make a frame window modal.
CWnd::BeginPaint	Prepares CWnd for painting.
CWnd::BindDefaultProperty	Binds the calling object's default simple bound property, as marked in the type library, to a cursor associated with a data-source control.
CWnd::BindProperty	Binds a cursor-bound property on a data-bound control to a data-source control and registers that relationship with the MFC binding manager.
CWnd::BringWindowToTop	Brings CWnd to the top of a stack of overlapping windows.
CWnd::CalcWindowRect	Called to calculate the window rectangle from the client rectangle.
CWnd::CancelToolTips	Disables the tooltip control.
CWnd::CenterWindow	Centers a window relative to its parent.
CWnd::ChangeClipboardChain	Removes CWnd from the chain of Clipboard viewers.
CWnd::CheckDlgButton	Places a check mark next to or removes a check mark from a button control.
CWnd::CheckRadioButton	Checks the specified radio button and removes the check mark from all other radio buttons in the specified group of buttons.
CWnd::ChildWindowFromPoint	Determines which, if any, of the child windows contains the specified point.
CWnd::ClientToScreen	Converts the client coordinates of a given point or rectangle on the display to screen coordinates.
CWnd::CloseWindow	Minimizes the window.
CWnd::ContinueModal	Continues a window's modal status.
CWnd::Create	Creates and initializes the child window associated with the CWnd object.
CWnd::CreateAccessibleProxy	Creates an Active Accessibility proxy for the specified object.
CWnd::CreateCaret	Creates a new shape for the system caret and gets ownership of the caret.
CWnd::CreateControl	Create an ActiveX control that will be represented in an MFC program by a CWnd object.
CWnd::CreateEx	Creates a Windows overlapped, pop-up, or child window and attaches it to a CWnd object.
CWnd::CreateGrayCaret	Creates a gray block for the system caret and gets ownership of the caret.
CWnd::CreateSolidCaret	Creates a solid block for the system caret and gets ownership of the caret.
CWnd::DeleteTempMap	Called automatically by the CWinApp idle-time handler and deletes any temporary CWnd objects created by FromHandle.
CWnd::DestroyWindow	Destroys the attached Windows window.
CWnd::Detach	Detaches a Windows handle from a CWnd object and returns the handle.
CWnd::DlgDirList	Fills a list box with a file or directory listing.
CWnd::DlgDirListComboBox	Fills the list box of a combo box with a file or directory listing.
CWnd::DlgDirSelect	Retrieves the current selection from a list box.
CWnd::DlgDirSelectComboBox	Retrieves the current selection from the list box of a combo box.
CWnd::DragAcceptFiles	Indicates the window will accept dragged files.
CWnd::DragDetect	Captures the mouse and tracks its movement until the user releases the left button, presses the ESC key, or moves the mouse outside the drag rectangle around the specified point.
CWnd::DrawAnimatedRects	Draws a wire-frame rectangle and animates it to indicate the opening of an icon or the minimizing or maximizing of a window.
CWnd::DrawCaption	Draws a caption.
CWnd::DrawMenuBar	Redraws the menu bar.
CWnd::EnableActiveAccessibility	Enables user-defined Active Accessibility functions.
CWnd::EnableD2DSupport	Enables or disables window D2D support. Call this method before the main window is initialized.
CWnd::EnableScrollBar	Enables or disables one or both arrows of a scroll bar.
CWnd::EnableScrollBarCtrl	Enables or disables a sibling scroll-bar control.
CWnd::EnableToolTips	Enables the tooltip control.
CWnd::EnableTrackingToolTips	Enables the tooltip control in tracking mode.
CWnd::EnableWindow	Enables or disables mouse and keyboard input.
CWnd::EndModalLoop	Ends a window's modal status.
CWnd::EndModalState	Call this member function to change a frame window from modal to modeless.
CWnd::EndPaint	Marks the end of painting.
CWnd::ExecuteDlgInit	Initiates a dialog resource.
CWnd::FilterToolTipMessage	Retrieves the title or text associated with a control in a dialog box.
CWnd::FindWindow	Returns the handle of the window, which is identified by its window name and window class.
CWnd::FindWindowEx	Returns the handle of the window, which is identified by its window name and window class.
CWnd::FlashWindow	Flashes the window once.
CWnd::FlashWindowEx	Flashes the window with additional functionality.
CWnd::FromHandle	Returns a pointer to a CWnd object when given a handle to a window. If a CWnd object is not attached to the handle, a temporary CWnd object is created and attached.
CWnd::FromHandlePermanent	Returns a pointer to a CWnd object when given a handle to a window. If a CWnd object is not attached to the handle, a temporary CWnd object is created and attached.
CWnd::get_accChild	Called by the framework to retrieve the address of an IDispatch interface for the specified child.
CWnd::get_accChildCount	Called by the framework to retrieve the number of children belonging to this object.
CWnd::get_accDefaultAction	Called by the framework to retrieve a string that describes the object's default action.
CWnd::get_accDescription	Called by framework to retrieve a string that describes the visual appearance of the specified object.
CWnd::get_accFocus	Called by the framework to retrieve the object that has the keyboard focus.
CWnd::get_accHelp	Called by the framework to retrieve an object's Help property string.
CWnd::get_accHelpTopic	Called by the framework to retrieve the full path of the WinHelp file associated with the specified object and the identifier of the appropriate topic within that file.
CWnd::get_accKeyboardShortcut	Called by the framework to retrieve the specified object's shortcut key or access key.
CWnd::get_accName	Called by the framework to retrieve the name of the specified object.
CWnd::get_accParent	Called by the framework to retrieve the IDispatch interface of the object's parent.
CWnd::get_accRole	Called by the framework to retrieve information that describes the role of the specified object.
CWnd::get_accSelection	Called by the framework to retrieve the selected children of this object.
CWnd::get_accState	Called by the framework to retrieve the current state of the specified object.
CWnd::get_accValue	Called by the framework to retrieve the value of the specified object.
CWnd::GetActiveWindow	Retrieves the active window.
CWnd::GetAncestor	Retrieves the ancestor window object of the specified window.
CWnd::GetCapture	Retrieves the CWnd that has the mouse capture.
CWnd::GetCaretPos	Retrieves the client coordinates of the caret's current position.
CWnd::GetCheckedRadioButton	Returns the ID of the currently checked radio button in a group of buttons.
CWnd::GetClientRect	Gets the dimensions of the CWnd client area.
CWnd::GetClipboardOwner	Retrieves a pointer to the current owner of the Clipboard.
CWnd::GetClipboardViewer	Retrieves a pointer to the first window in the chain of Clipboard viewers.
CWnd::GetControlUnknown	Retrieves a pointer to an unknown ActiveX control.
CWnd::GetDC	Retrieves a display context for the client area.
CWnd::GetDCEx	Retrieves a display context for the client area, and enables clipping while drawing.
CWnd::GetDescendantWindow	Searches all descendant windows and returns the window with the specified ID.
CWnd::GetDesktopWindow	Retrieves the Windows desktop window.
CWnd::GetDlgCtrlID	If the CWnd is a child window, calling this function returns its ID value.
CWnd::GetDlgItem	Retrieves the control with the specified ID from the specified dialog box.
CWnd::GetDlgItemInt	Translates the text of a control in the given dialog box to an integer value.
CWnd::GetDlgItemText	Retrieves the caption or text associated with a control.
CWnd::GetDSCCursor	Retrieves a pointer to the underlying cursor that is defined by the DataSource, UserName, Password, and SQL properties of a data-source control.
CWnd::GetExStyle	Returns the window's extended style.
CWnd::GetFocus	Retrieves the CWnd that currently has the input focus.
CWnd::GetFont	Retrieves the current font.
CWnd::GetForegroundWindow	Returns a pointer to the foreground window (the top-level window with which the user is currently working).
CWnd::GetIcon	Retrieves the handle to an icon.
CWnd::GetLastActivePopup	Determines which pop-up window owned by CWnd was most recently active.
CWnd::GetLayeredWindowAttributes	Retrieves the opacity and transparency color key of a layered window.
CWnd::GetMenu	Retrieves a pointer to the specified menu.
CWnd::GetNextDlgGroupItem	Searches for the next (or previous) control within a group of controls.
CWnd::GetNextDlgTabItem	Retrieves the first control with the WS_TABSTOP style that follows (or precedes) the specified control.
CWnd::GetNextWindow	Returns the next (or previous) window in the window manager's list.
CWnd::GetOleControlSite	Retrieves the custom site for the specified ActiveX control.
CWnd::GetOpenClipboardWindow	Retrieves a pointer to the window that currently has the Clipboard open.
CWnd::GetOwner	Retrieves a pointer to the owner of a CWnd.
CWnd::GetParent	Retrieves the parent window of CWnd (if any).
CWnd::GetParentFrame	Retrieves the CWnd object's parent frame window.
CWnd::GetParentOwner	Returns a pointer to a child window's parent window.
CWnd::GetProperty	Retrieves an ActiveX control property.
CWnd::GetRenderTarget	Gets a render target that is associated with this window.
CWnd::GetSafeHwnd	Returns m_hWnd, or NULL if the this pointer is NULL.
CWnd::GetSafeOwner	Retrieves the safe owner for the given window.
CWnd::GetScrollBarCtrl	Returns a sibling scroll-bar control.
CWnd::GetScrollBarInfo	Retrieves information about the specified scroll bar.
CWnd::GetScrollInfo	Retrieves the information that the SCROLLINFO structure maintains about a scroll bar.
CWnd::GetScrollLimit	Retrieves the limit of the scroll bar.
CWnd::GetScrollPos	Retrieves the current position of a scroll box.
CWnd::GetScrollRange	Copies the current minimum and maximum scroll-bar positions for the given scroll bar.
CWnd::GetStyle	Returns the current window style.
CWnd::GetSystemMenu	Allows the application to access the Control menu for copying and modification.
CWnd::GetTitleBarInfo	Retrieves information about the specified title bar.
CWnd::GetTopLevelFrame	Retrieves the window's top-level frame window.
CWnd::GetTopLevelOwner	Retrieves the top-level window.
CWnd::GetTopLevelParent	Retrieves the window's top-level parent.
CWnd::GetTopWindow	Returns the first child window that belongs to the CWnd.
CWnd::GetUpdateRect	Retrieves the coordinates of the smallest rectangle that completely encloses the CWnd update region.
CWnd::GetUpdateRgn	Retrieves the CWnd update region.
CWnd::GetWindow	Returns the window with the specified relationship to this window.
CWnd::GetWindowContextHelpId	Retrieves the help context identifier.
CWnd::GetWindowDC	Retrieves the display context for the whole window, including the caption bar, menus, and scroll bars.
CWnd::GetWindowedChildCount	Returns the number of associated child windows.
CWnd::GetWindowInfo	Returns information about the window.
CWnd::GetWindowlessChildCount	Returns the number of associated windowless child windows.
CWnd::GetWindowPlacement	Retrieves the show state and the normal (restored), minimized, and maximized positions of a window.
CWnd::GetWindowRect	Gets the screen coordinates of CWnd.
CWnd::GetWindowRgn	Retrieves a copy of the window region of a window.
CWnd::GetWindowText	Returns the window text or caption title (if it has one).
CWnd::GetWindowTextLength	Returns the length of the window's text or caption title.
CWnd::HideCaret	Hides the caret by removing it from the display screen.
CWnd::HiliteMenuItem	Highlights or removes the highlighting from a top-level (menu-bar) menu item.
CWnd::HtmlHelp	Called to initiate the HTMLHelp application.
CWnd::Invalidate	Invalidates the entire client area.
CWnd::InvalidateRect	Invalidates the client area within the given rectangle by adding that rectangle to the current update region.
CWnd::InvalidateRgn	Invalidates the client area within the given region by adding that region to the current update region.
CWnd::InvokeHelper	Invokes an ActiveX control method or property.
CWnd::IsChild	Indicates whether CWnd is a child window or other direct descendant of the specified window.
CWnd::IsD2DSupportEnabled	Determines whether D2D support is enabled.
CWnd::IsDialogMessage	Determines whether the given message is intended for the modeless dialog box and, if so, processes it.
CWnd::IsDlgButtonChecked	Determines whether a button control is checked.
CWnd::IsIconic	Determines whether CWnd is minimized (iconic).
CWnd::IsTouchWindow	Specifies whether CWnd has touch support.
CWnd::IsWindowEnabled	Determines whether the window is enabled for mouse and keyboard input.
CWnd::IsWindowVisible	Determines whether the window is visible.
CWnd::IsZoomed	Determines whether CWnd is maximized.
CWnd::KillTimer	Kills a system timer.
CWnd::LockWindowUpdate	Disables or reenables drawing in the given window.
CWnd::MapWindowPoints	Converts (maps) a set of points from the coordinate space of the CWnd to the coordinate space of another window.
CWnd::MessageBox	Creates and displays a window that contains an application-supplied message and caption.
CWnd::ModifyStyle	Modifies the current window style.
CWnd::ModifyStyleEx	Modifies the window's extended style.
CWnd::MoveWindow	Changes the position and dimensions of CWnd.
CWnd::NotifyWinEvent	Signals the system that a predefined event occurred.
CWnd::OnAmbientProperty	Implement ambient property values.
CWnd::OnDrawIconicThumbnailOrLivePreview	Called by the framework when it needs to obtain a bitmap to be displayed on Windows 7 tab thumbnail, or on the client for application peek.
CWnd::OnHelp	Handles F1 Help within the application (using the current context).
CWnd::OnHelpFinder	Handles the ID_HELP_FINDER and ID_DEFAULT_HELP commands.
CWnd::OnHelpIndex	Handles the ID_HELP_INDEX command and provides a default Help topic.
CWnd::OnHelpUsing	Handles the ID_HELP_USING command.
CWnd::OnToolHitTest	Determines whether a point is in the bounding rectangle of the specified tool and retrieves information about the tool.
CWnd::OpenClipboard	Opens the Clipboard. Other applications will not be able to modify the Clipboard until the Windows CloseClipboard function is called.
CWnd::PaintWindowlessControls	Draws windowless controls on the control container.
CWnd::PostMessage	Places a message in the application queue, then returns without waiting for the window to process the message.
CWnd::PreCreateWindow	Called before the creation of the Windows window attached to this CWnd object.
CWnd::PreSubclassWindow	Allows other necessary subclassing to occur before SubclassWindow is called.
CWnd::PreTranslateMessage	Used by CWinApp to filter window messages before they are dispatched to the TranslateMessage and DispatchMessage Windows functions.
CWnd::Print	Draws the current window in the specified device context.
CWnd::PrintClient	Draws any window in the specified device context (usually a printer device context).
CWnd::PrintWindow	Copies a visual window into the specified device context, typically a printer DC.
CWnd::RedrawWindow	Updates the specified rectangle or region in the client area.
CWnd::RegisterTouchWindow	Register/Unregister window Windows touch support.
CWnd::ReleaseDC	Releases client and window device contexts, freeing them for use by other applications.
CWnd::RepositionBars	Repositions control bars in the client area.
CWnd::RunModalLoop	Retrieves, translates, or dispatches messages for a window that is in modal status.
CWnd::ScreenToClient	Converts the screen coordinates of a given point or rectangle on the display to client coordinates.
CWnd::ScrollWindow	Scrolls the contents of the client area.
CWnd::ScrollWindowEx	Scrolls the contents of the client area. Similar to ScrollWindow, with additional features.
CWnd::SendChildNotifyLastMsg	Provides a notification message to a child window, from the parent window, so the child window can handle a task.
CWnd::SendDlgItemMessage	Sends a message to the specified control.
CWnd::SendMessage	Sends a message to the CWnd object and does not return until it has processed the message.
CWnd::SendMessageToDescendants	Sends a message to all descendant windows of the window.
CWnd::SendNotifyMessage	Sends the specified message to the window and returns as soon as possible, depending on whether the calling thread created the window.
CWnd::SetActiveWindow	Activates the window.
CWnd::SetCapture	Causes all subsequent mouse input to be sent to the CWnd.
CWnd::SetCaretPos	Moves the caret to a specified position.
CWnd::SetClipboardViewer	Adds CWnd to the chain of windows that are notified whenever the contents of the Clipboard are changed.
CWnd::SetDlgCtrlID	Sets the window or control ID for the window (which can be any child window, not only a control in a dialog box).
CWnd::SetDlgItemInt	Sets the text of a control to the string that represents an integer value.
CWnd::SetDlgItemText	Sets the caption or text of a control in the specified dialog box.
CWnd::SetFocus	Claims the input focus.
CWnd::SetFont	Sets the current font.
CWnd::SetForegroundWindow	Puts the thread that created the window into the foreground and activates the window.
CWnd::SetIcon	Sets the handle to a specific icon.
CWnd::SetLayeredWindowAttributes	Sets the opacity and transparency color key of a layered window.
CWnd::SetMenu	Sets the menu to the specified menu.
CWnd::SetOwner	Changes the owner of a CWnd.
CWnd::SetParent	Changes the parent window.
CWnd::SetProperty	Sets an ActiveX control property.
CWnd::SetRedraw	Allows changes in CWnd to be redrawn or prevents changes from being redrawn.
CWnd::SetScrollInfo	Sets information about the scroll bar.
CWnd::SetScrollPos	Sets the current position of a scroll box and, if specified, redraws the scroll bar to reflect the new position.
CWnd::SetScrollRange	Sets minimum and maximum position values for the given scroll bar.
CWnd::SetTimer	Installs a system timer that sends a WM_TIMER message when triggered.
CWnd::SetWindowContextHelpId	Sets the help context identifier.
CWnd::SetWindowPlacement	Sets the show state and the normal (restored), minimized, and maximized positions for a window.
CWnd::SetWindowPos	Changes the size, position, and ordering of child, pop-up, and top-level windows.
CWnd::SetWindowRgn	Sets the region of a window.
CWnd::SetWindowText	Sets the window text or caption title (if it has one) to the specified text.
CWnd::ShowCaret	Shows the caret on the display at the caret's current position. Once shown, the caret begins flashing automatically.
CWnd::ShowOwnedPopups	Shows or hides all pop-up windows owned by the window.
CWnd::ShowScrollBar	Displays or hides a scroll bar.
CWnd::ShowWindow	Shows or hides the window.
CWnd::SubclassDlgItem	Attaches a Windows control to a CWnd object and makes it route messages through the CWnd's message map.
CWnd::SubclassWindow	Attaches a window to a CWnd object and makes it route messages through the CWnd's message map.
CWnd::UnlockWindowUpdate	Unlocks a window that was locked with CWnd::LockWindowUpdate.
CWnd::UnsubclassWindow	Detaches a window from a CWnd object
CWnd::UpdateData	Initializes or retrieves data from a dialog box.
CWnd::UpdateDialogControls	Call to update the state of dialog buttons and other controls.
CWnd::UpdateLayeredWindow	Updates the position, size, shape, content, and translucency of a layered window.
CWnd::UpdateWindow	Updates the client area.
CWnd::ValidateRect	Validates the client area within the given rectangle by removing the rectangle from the current update region.
CWnd::ValidateRgn	Validates the client area within the given region by removing the region from the current update region.
CWnd::WindowFromPoint	Identifies the window that contains the given point.
CWnd::WinHelp	Called to initiate the WinHelp application.

Protected Methods

Name	Description
CWnd::Default	Calls the default window procedure, which provides default processing for any window messages that an application does not process.
CWnd::DefWindowProc	Calls the default window procedure, which provides default processing for any window messages that an application does not process.
CWnd::DoDataExchange	For dialog data exchange and validation. Called by UpdateData.
CWnd::GetCurrentMessage	Returns a pointer to the message this window is currently processing. Should only be called when in an OnMessage message-handler member function.
CWnd::OnActivate	Called when CWnd is being activated or deactivated.
CWnd::OnActivateApp	Called when the application is about to be activated or deactivated.
CWnd::OnAppCommand	Called when the user generates an application command event.
CWnd::OnAskCbFormatName	Called by a Clipboard viewer application when a Clipboard owner will display the Clipboard contents.
CWnd::OnCancelMode	Called to allow CWnd to cancel any internal modes, such as mouse capture.
CWnd::OnCaptureChanged	Sends a message to the window that is losing the mouse capture.
CWnd::OnChangeCbChain	Notifies that a specified window is being removed from the chain.
CWnd::OnChangeUIState	Called when the user interface (UI) state should be changed.
CWnd::OnChar	Called when a keystroke translates to a non-system character.
CWnd::OnCharToItem	Called by a child list box with the LBS_WANTKEYBOARDINPUT style in response to a WM_CHAR message.
CWnd::OnChildActivate	Called for multiple document interface (MDI) child windows whenever the size or position of CWnd changes or CWnd is activated.
CWnd::OnChildNotify	Called by a parent window to give a notifying control a chance to respond to a control notification.
CWnd::OnClipboardUpdate	Called when the contents of the clipboard have changed.
CWnd::OnClose	Called as a signal that CWnd should be closed.
CWnd::OnColorizationColorChanged	Called when the rendering policy for the non-client area has changed.
CWnd::OnCommand	Called when the user selects a command.
CWnd::OnCompacting	Called when Windows detects that system memory is low.
CWnd::OnCompareItem	Called to determine the relative position of a new item in a child sorted owner-draw combo box or list box.
CWnd::OnCompositionChanged	Called for all top-level windows when the Desktop Window Manager (DWM) composition is enabled or disabled.
CWnd::OnContextMenu	Called when the user clicks the right mouse button in the window.
CWnd::OnCopyData	Copies data from one application to another.
CWnd::OnCreate	Called as a part of window creation.
CWnd::OnCtlColor	Called if CWnd is the parent of a control when the control is about to be drawn.
CWnd::OnDeadChar	Called when a keystroke translates to a nonsystem dead character (such as accent characters).
CWnd::OnDeleteItem	Called when an owner-draw child list box or combo box is destroyed or when items are removed from the control.
CWnd::OnDestroy	Called when CWnd is being destroyed.
CWnd::OnDestroyClipboard	Called when the Clipboard is emptied through a call to the Windows EmptyClipboard function.
CWnd::OnDeviceChange	Notifies an application or device driver of a change to the hardware configuration of a device or the computer.
CWnd::OnDevModeChange	Called for all top-level windows when the user changes device-mode settings.
CWnd::OnDrawClipboard	Called when the contents of the Clipboard change.
CWnd::OnDrawItem	Called when a visual aspect of an owner-draw child button control, combo-box control, list-box control, or menu needs to be drawn.
CWnd::OnDropFiles	Called when the user releases the left mouse button over a window that has registered itself as the recipient of dropped files.
CWnd::OnEnable	Called when CWnd is enabled or disabled.
CWnd::OnEndSession	Called when the session is ending.
CWnd::OnEnterIdle	Called to inform an application's main window procedure that a modal dialog box or a menu is entering an idle state.
CWnd::OnEnterMenuLoop	Called when a menu modal loop has been entered.
CWnd::OnEnterSizeMove	Called after the affected window enters a moving or sizing modal loop.
CWnd::OnEraseBkgnd	Called when the window background needs erasing.
CWnd::OnExitMenuLoop	Called when a menu modal loop has been exited.
CWnd::OnExitSizeMove	Called after the affected window exits a moving or sizing modal loop.
CWnd::OnFontChange	Called when the pool of font resources changes.
CWnd::OnGetDlgCode	Called for a control so the control can process arrow-key and TAB-key input itself.
CWnd::OnGetMinMaxInfo	Called whenever Windows needs to know the maximized position or dimensions, or the minimum or maximum tracking size.
CWnd::OnHelpInfo	Called by the framework when the user presses the F1 key.
CWnd::OnHotKey	Called when the user presses a system-wide hot key.
CWnd::OnHScroll	Called when the user clicks the horizontal scroll bar of CWnd.
CWnd::OnHScrollClipboard	Called when a Clipboard owner should scroll the Clipboard image, invalidate the appropriate section, and update the scroll-bar values.
CWnd::OnIconEraseBkgnd	Called when CWnd is minimized (iconic) and the background of the icon must be filled before painting the icon.
CWnd::OnInitMenu	Called when a menu is about to become active.
CWnd::OnInitMenuPopup	Called when a pop-up menu is about to become active.
CWnd::OnInputDeviceChange	Called when an I/O device is added or removed from the system.
CWnd::OnInputLangChange	Called after an application's input language has been changed.
CWnd::OnInputLangChangeRequest	Called when the user chooses a new input language.
CWnd::OnKeyDown	Called when a nonsystem key is pressed.
CWnd::OnKeyUp	Called when a nonsystem key is released.
CWnd::OnKillFocus	Called immediately before CWnd loses the input focus.
CWnd::OnLButtonDblClk	Called when the user double-clicks the left mouse button.
CWnd::OnLButtonDown	Called when the user presses the left mouse button.
CWnd::OnLButtonUp	Called when the user releases the left mouse button.
CWnd::OnMButtonDblClk	Called when the user double-clicks the middle mouse button.
CWnd::OnMButtonDown	Called when the user presses the middle mouse button.
CWnd::OnMButtonUp	Called when the user releases the middle mouse button.
CWnd::OnMDIActivate	Called when an MDI child window is activated or deactivated.
CWnd::OnMeasureItem	Called for an owner-draw child combo box, list box, or menu item when the control is created. CWnd informs Windows of the dimensions of the control.
CWnd::OnMenuChar	Called when the user presses a menu mnemonic character that doesn't match any of the predefined mnemonics in the current menu.
CWnd::OnMenuDrag	Called when the user begins to drag a menu item.
CWnd::OnMenuGetObject	Called when the mouse cursor enters a menu item or moves from the center of the item to the top or bottom of the item.
CWnd::OnMenuRButtonUp	Called when the user releases the right mouse button while the cursor is on a menu item.
CWnd::OnMenuSelect	Called when the user selects a menu item.
CWnd::OnMouseActivate	Called when the cursor is in an inactive window and the user presses a mouse button.
CWnd::OnMouseHover	Called when the cursor hovers over the client area of the window for the period of time specified in a prior call to TrackMouseEvent.
CWnd::OnMouseHWheel	Called when the current window is composed by the Desktop Window Manager (DWM), and that window is maximized.
CWnd::OnMouseLeave	Called when the cursor leaves the client area of the window specified in a prior call to TrackMouseEvent.
CWnd::OnMouseMove	Called when the mouse cursor moves.
CWnd::OnMouseWheel	Called when a user rotates the mouse wheel. Uses Windows NT 4.0 message handling.
CWnd::OnMove	Called after the position of the CWnd has been changed.
CWnd::OnMoving	Indicates that a user is moving a CWnd object.
CWnd::OnNcActivate	Called when the non-client area needs to be changed to indicate an active or inactive state.
CWnd::OnNcCalcSize	Called when the size and position of the client area need to be calculated.
CWnd::OnNcCreate	Called prior to OnCreate when the non-client area is being created.
CWnd::OnNcDestroy	Called when the non-client area is being destroyed.
CWnd::OnNcHitTest	Called by Windows every time the mouse is moved if CWnd contains the cursor or has captured mouse input with SetCapture.
CWnd::OnNcLButtonDblClk	Called when the user double-clicks the left mouse button while the cursor is within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcLButtonDown	Called when the user presses the left mouse button while the cursor is within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcLButtonUp	Called when the user releases the left mouse button while the cursor is within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcMButtonDblClk	Called when the user double-clicks the middle mouse button while the cursor is within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcMButtonDown	Called when the user presses the middle mouse button while the cursor is within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcMButtonUp	Called when the user releases the middle mouse button while the cursor is within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcMouseHover	Called when the cursor hovers over the non-client area of the window for the period of time specified in a prior call to TrackMouseEvent.
CWnd::OnNcMouseLeave	The framework calls this member function when the cursor leaves the non-client area of the window specified in a prior call to TrackMouseEvent.
CWnd::OnNcMouseMove	Called when the cursor is moved within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcPaint	Called when the non-client area needs painting.
CWnd::OnNcRButtonDblClk	Called when the user double-clicks the right mouse button while the cursor is within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcRButtonDown	Called when the user presses the right mouse button while the cursor is within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcRButtonUp	Called when the user releases the right mouse button while the cursor is within a non-client area of CWnd.
CWnd::OnNcRenderingChanged	Called when the rendering policy for the non-client area has changed.
CWnd::OnNcXButtonDblClk	Called when the user double-clicks XBUTTON1 or XBUTTON2 while the cursor is in the non-client area of a window.
CWnd::OnNcXButtonDown	Called when the user presses XBUTTON1 or XBUTTON2 of the mouse while the cursor is in the non-client area of a window.
CWnd::OnNcXButtonUp	Called when the user releases XBUTTON1 or XBUTTON2 of the mouse while the cursor is in the non-client area of a window.
CWnd::OnNextMenu	Called when the right or left arrow key is used to switch between the menu bar and the system menu.
CWnd::OnNotify	Called by the framework to inform a parent window an event has occurred in one of its controls or that the control needs information.
CWnd::OnNotifyFormat	Called to determine if the current window accepts ANSI or Unicode structures in the WM_NOTIFY notification message.
CWnd::OnPaint	Called to repaint a portion of the window.
CWnd::OnPaintClipboard	Called when the client area of the Clipboard viewer needs repainting.
CWnd::OnPaletteChanged	Called to allow windows that use a color palette to realize their logical palettes and update their client areas.
CWnd::OnPaletteIsChanging	Informs other applications when an application is going to realize its logical palette.
CWnd::OnParentNotify	Called when a child window is created or destroyed, or when the user clicks a mouse button while the cursor is over the child window.
CWnd::OnPowerBroadcast	Called when a power-management event occurs.
CWnd::OnQueryDragIcon	Called when a minimized (iconic) CWnd is about to be dragged by the user.
CWnd::OnQueryEndSession	Called when the user chooses to end the Windows session.
CWnd::OnQueryNewPalette	Informs CWnd that it is about to receive the input focus.
CWnd::OnQueryOpen	Called when CWnd is an icon and the user requests that the icon be opened.
CWnd::OnQueryUIState	Called to retrieve the user interface (UI) state for a window.
CWnd::OnRawInput	Called when the current window gets raw input.
CWnd::OnRButtonDblClk	Called when the user double-clicks the right mouse button.
CWnd::OnRButtonDown	Called when the user presses the right mouse button.
CWnd::OnRButtonUp	Called when the user releases the right mouse button.
CWnd::OnRenderAllFormats	Called when the owner application is being destroyed and needs to render all its formats.
CWnd::OnRenderFormat	Called for the Clipboard owner when a particular format with delayed rendering needs to be rendered.
CWnd::OnSessionChange	Called to notify an application of a change in session state.
CWnd::OnSetCursor	Called if mouse input is not captured and the mouse causes cursor movement within a window.
CWnd::OnSetFocus	Called after CWnd gains the input focus.
CWnd::OnSettingChange	Called when the Win32 SystemParametersInfo function changes a system-wide setting.
CWnd::OnShowWindow	Called when CWnd is to be hidden or shown.
CWnd::OnSize	Called after the size of CWnd has changed.
CWnd::OnSizeClipboard	Called when the size of the client area of the Clipboard-viewer window has changed.
CWnd::OnSizing	Indicates that the user is resizing the rectangle.
CWnd::OnSpoolerStatus	Called from Print Manager whenever a job is added to or removed from the Print Manager queue.
CWnd::OnStyleChanged	Indicates that the SetWindowLong Windows function has changed one or more of the window's styles.
CWnd::OnStyleChanging	Indicates that the SetWindowLong Windows function is about to change one or more of the window's styles.
CWnd::OnSysChar	Called when a keystroke translates to a system character.
CWnd::OnSysColorChange	Called for all top-level windows when a change is made in the system color setting.
CWnd::OnSysCommand	Called when the user selects a command from the Control menu, or when the user selects the Maximize or Minimize button.
CWnd::OnSysDeadChar	Called when a keystroke translates to a system dead character (such as accent characters).
CWnd::OnSysKeyDown	Called when the user holds down the ALT key and then presses another key.
CWnd::OnSysKeyUp	Called when the user releases a key that was pressed while the ALT key was held down.
CWnd::OnTCard	Called when the user clicks an authorable button.
CWnd::OnTimeChange	Called for all top-level windows after the system time changes.
CWnd::OnTimer	Called after each interval specified in SetTimer.
CWnd::OnTouchInput	Process single input from Windows touch.
CWnd::OnTouchInputs	Process inputs from Windows touch.
CWnd::OnUniChar	Called when a key is pressed. That is, the current window has the keyboard focus and a WM_KEYDOWN message is translated by the TranslateMessage function.
CWnd::OnUnInitMenuPopup	Called when a drop-down menu or submenu has been destroyed.
CWnd::OnUpdateUIState	Called to change the user interface (UI) state for the specified window and all its child windows.
CWnd::OnUserChanged	Called after the user has logged on or off.
CWnd::OnVKeyToItem	Called by a list box owned by CWnd in response to a WM_KEYDOWN message.
CWnd::OnVScroll	Called when the user clicks the window's vertical scroll bar.
CWnd::OnVScrollClipboard	Called when the owner should scroll the Clipboard image, invalidate the appropriate section, and update the scroll-bar values.
CWnd::OnWindowPosChanged	Called when the size, position, or Z-order has changed as a result of a call to SetWindowPos or another window-management function.
CWnd::OnWindowPosChanging	Called when the size, position, or Z-order is about to change as a result of a call to SetWindowPos or another window-management function.
CWnd::OnWinIniChange	Called for all top-level windows after the Windows initialization file, WIN.INI, is changed.
CWnd::OnWndMsg	Indicates if a windows message was handled.
CWnd::OnXButtonDblClk	Called when the user double-clicks XBUTTON1 or XBUTTON2 while the cursor is in the client area of a window.
CWnd::OnXButtonDown	Called when the user presses XBUTTON1 or XBUTTON2 while the cursor is in the client area of a window.
CWnd::OnXButtonUp	Called when the user releases XBUTTON1 or XBUTTON2 while the cursor is in the client area of a window.
CWnd::PostNcDestroy	This virtual function is called by the default OnNcDestroy function after the window has been destroyed.
CWnd::ReflectChildNotify	Helper function which reflects a message to its source.
CWnd::ReflectLastMsg	Reflects the last message to the child window.
CWnd::WindowProc	Provides a window procedure for a CWnd. The default dispatches messages through the message map.

Public Operators

Name	Description
CWnd::operator HWND	Call to get a handle to a window.
CWnd::operator !=	Determines if a window is not the same as the window whose handle is m_hWnd.
CWnd::operator ==	Determines if a window is the same as the window whose handle is m_hWnd.

Public Data Members

Name	Description
CWnd::m_hWnd	Indicates the HWND attached to this CWnd.

Remarks

A CWnd object is distinct from a Windows window, but the two are tightly linked. A CWnd object is created or destroyed by the CWnd constructor and destructor. The Windows window, on the other hand, is a data structure internal to Windows that is created by a Create member function and destroyed by the CWnd virtual destructor. The DestroyWindow function destroys the Windows window without destroying the object.

The CWnd class and the message-map mechanism hide the WndProc function. Incoming Windows notification messages are automatically routed through the message map to the proper OnMessage CWnd member functions. You override an OnMessage member function to handle a member's particular message in your derived classes.

The CWnd class also lets you create a Windows child window for your application. Derive a class from CWnd, then add member variables to the derived class to store data specific to your application. Implement message-handler member functions and a message map in the derived class to specify what happens when messages are directed to the window.

You create a child window in two steps. First, call the constructor CWnd to construct the CWnd object, then call the Create member function to create the child window and attach it to the CWnd object.

When the user terminates your child window, destroy the CWnd object, or call the DestroyWindow member function to remove the window and destroy its data structures.

Within the Microsoft Foundation Class Library, further classes are derived from CWnd to provide specific window types. Many of these classes, including CFrameWnd, CMDIFrameWnd, CMDIChildWnd, CView, and CDialog, are designed for further derivation. The control classes derived from CWnd, such as CButton, can be used directly or can be used for further derivation of classes.

For more information on using CWnd, see Frame Windows and Window Objects.

Inheritance Hierarchy

CObject

CCmdTarget

CWnd

Requirements

Header: afxwin.h

Share via